上周末,帮朋友处理了一个关于大数据的查询与导出问题,整理一下,在此记录一下用以备忘,同时也为有类似需要的朋友提供一个参考.
背景:
- 数据库服务使用: SqlServer2008 ;
- 查询的流水表总数据量约在 800W 条左右 ;
- 需要展示的字段需要从流水表+基础资料表中
- 导出需要 加载指定模板 ;
- 要求查询响应时间<=2s,导出<=10s; (当然每次仅处理符合条件的数据) .
- 该系统运行了大概2年时间,系统刚上线的时候,各项性能指标还ok,目前该功能点查询和导出时直接卡死.
- 该项目为 常规 winform 类型,普通三层架构.
改造步骤:
/// <summary> /// 响应查询按钮事件 /// </summary> /// <param name="sender"></param> /// <param name="e"></param> private void btnQuery_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (txtCompany.Tag == null) { MessageBox.Show(this, "请选择指定的结算公司", "提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information); return; } _pageIndex = 0; lblTotalCount.Text = "当前共[0]条数据"; gridData.Rows.Clear(); LoadQueryData(); } /// <summary> /// 开始查询数据 /// </summary> private void LoadQueryData() { plProcessStatus.Visible = true; //展示进度panel SetControlStatus(true); //设置其他功能控件暂时为只读状态 _isCurrentLoadEnd = false; //标识正在加载数据 bgwQuery.RunWorkerAsync(); //开始执行后台查询 }
/// <summary> /// 后台线程查询数据 /// </summary> /// <param name="sender"></param> /// <param name="e"></param> private void bgwQuery_DoWork(object sender, DoWorkEventArgs e) { int total; _queryList = ExecQuery(_pageIndex, _pageSize, out total); _rowCount = total; } /// <summary> /// 执行分页查询方法,返回当前查询结果, /// </summary> /// <param name="pgIndex">当前页码</param> /// <param name="pgSize">每次查询分页大小</param> /// <param name="total">记录总数</param> /// <returns></returns> private List<OrderDetail> ExecQuery(int pgIndex, int pgSize, out int total) { List<OrderDetail> lst = null; var queryParam = BuildQueryExpression(pgIndex, pgSize); using (var services = new KYEService()) { lst = services.GetOrderDetailList(queryParam, out total); } return lst; } /// <summary> /// 构建查询条件 /// </summary> /// <param name="pgIndex">当前查询第几页</param> /// <param name="pgSize">当前查询分页大小</param> /// <returns>当前查询条件</returns> private EFQueryParam<OrderDetail> BuildQueryExpression(int pgIndex, int pgSize) { //计算查询时间段 var queryBeginDate = new DateTime(_queryYear, _queryMonth, 1); var queryEndDate = queryBeginDate.AddMonths(1).AddDays(-1); //构建查询条件 var exp = QueryBuilder.Create<OrderDetail>(); exp = exp.Equals(t => t.PaymentCompanyId, (int)txtCompany.Tag); //结算公司 exp = exp.GreaterThanOrEqual(t => t.FromDate, queryBeginDate); //纳入月份转化为开始日期 exp = exp.LessThanOrEqual(t => t.FromDate, queryEndDate); //纳入月份沾化为结束日期 if (_queryPaymentType != EPaymentType.ALL) { exp = exp.Equals(t => t.PaymentType, _queryPaymentType); //付款方式 } //执行查询 var queryParam = new EFQueryParam<OrderDetail>(exp, "FromDate", true, pgIndex, pgSize); return queryParam; } /// <summary> /// 查询数据线程结束后,开始UI绑定数据 /// </summary> /// <param name="sender"></param> /// <param name="e"></param> private void bgwQuery_RunWorkerCompleted(object sender, RunWorkerCompletedEventArgs e) { plProcessStatus.Visible = false; //隐藏进度条 if (_queryList != null && _queryList.Count > 0) //当前查询有数据 { //后台线程异步展示数据到UI Thread thBindGrid = new Thread(() => { lblTotalCount.Invoke(new Action(() => { lblTotalCount.Text = string.Format("当前共[{0}]条数据", _rowCount); })); for (int i = 0; i < _queryList.Count; i++) { gridData.Invoke(new Action<OrderDetail>(FillData), _queryList[i]); //循环绑定数据 } _isCurrentLoadEnd = true; //标识当前查询加载结束 //绑定结束恢复其他功能按钮为可用状态(设置为非只读) btnExport.Invoke(new Action(() => { SetControlStatus(false); })); }); thBindGrid.IsBackground = true; thBindGrid.Start(); } else { SetControlStatus(false); } }
/// <summary> /// 绑定具体行数据 /// </summary> /// <param name="detail">具体行数据</param> private void FillData(OrderDetail detail) { var index = gridData.Rows.Add(); gridData["dgcIndex", index].Value = index + 1; //TODO... 具体绑定到Grid的代码略 }
/// <summary> /// 处理滚动条移动的时候,自动加载下一页数据 /// </summary> /// <param name="sender"></param> /// <param name="e"></param> private void gridData_Scroll(object sender, ScrollEventArgs e) { //已经加载结束或者水平滚动,则不处理 if (!_isCurrentLoadEnd //当前查询数据还未绑定结束 || _rowCount <= gridData.Rows.Count //当前符合条件的数据已经查询完毕 || e.ScrollOrientation == ScrollOrientation.HorizontalScroll) { return; } var gridPageRowCount = gridData.DisplayRectangle.Height; //Grid每页能显示的记录数 //当前滚动到最后一页 if (gridData.FirstDisplayedScrollingRowIndex >= gridData.Rows.Count - gridPageRowCount - 1) { _pageIndex += 1; LoadQueryData(); //加载下一页数据 } }
/// <summary> /// 执行导出操作 /// </summary> /// <param name="p"></param> private void ExecExport(string fileName) { plProcessStatus.Visible = true; SetControlStatus(true); IExport rpter = new ExcelExporter(); var formater = BuildExportFormater(); bool isQueryEnd = false; //当前是否查询结束 var templateFieName = Path.Combine(Application.StartupPath, "Template", "Rpt_CustomerList.xls"); //创建供导出的队列 Queue<List<OrderDetail>> exportQueue = new Queue<List<OrderDetail>>(); #region 查询线程 //处理后台查询 Thread thQuery = new Thread(() => { int tempTotal = 0; int tempPgIndex = 0; int queryPageSize = 3000; //每次查询5k var tempList = ExecQuery(tempPgIndex, queryPageSize, out tempTotal); if (tempList != null && tempList.Count > 0) { lock (locker) { exportQueue.Enqueue(tempList); Monitor.PulseAll(locker); } tempPgIndex += 1; //循环查询直至查询结束 while (tempPgIndex * _pageSize < tempTotal) { var temp_tempList = ExecQuery(tempPgIndex, queryPageSize, out tempTotal); if (temp_tempList != null && temp_tempList.Count > 0) { lock (locker) { exportQueue.Enqueue(temp_tempList); //将查询结果加入到队列 Monitor.PulseAll(locker); } } tempPgIndex += 1; } } isQueryEnd = true; }); #endregion #region 导出excel线程 //处理将查询的结果写入到文件中 Thread thExport = new Thread(() => { rpter.Export(templateFieName, fileName, formater); //读取模板,并创建新文件, int tempRowIndex = 0; while (!isQueryEnd || exportQueue.Count > 0) //未查询结束及队列不为空,执行导出 { if (exportQueue.Count > 0) { List<OrderDetail> tempExpotLst = null; lock (locker) { tempExpotLst = exportQueue.Dequeue(); //取队列数据,导出excel操作 } if (tempExpotLst != null && tempExpotLst.Count > 0) { formater.DetailRowBeginIndex += tempRowIndex; rpter.ExportByAppend(fileName, formater, tempExpotLst); //执行导出操作(追加形式) tempRowIndex = tempExpotLst.Count; } } else { Thread.Sleep(200); } } //导出贴图片 var imgRow = formater.DetailRowBeginIndex + tempRowIndex + 8; formater.ImageCellFormaters.Add(new ImageCellFormater(imgRow, 2, Resources.ywz)); rpter.ExportByAppend(fileName, formater, null); //导出结束 恢复按钮可用状态 btnExport.Invoke(new Action(() => { plProcessStatus.Visible = false; //隐藏进度栏 SetControlStatus(false); if (MessageBox.Show(this, "数据已成功导出至[" + fileName + "],是否立即打开导出文件?", "提示", MessageBoxButtons.YesNo, MessageBoxIcon.Question) == DialogResult.Yes) { Process.Start(fileName); } })); }); #endregion thQuery.IsBackground = true; thExport.IsBackground = true; thQuery.Start(); //开始查询线程 thExport.Start(); //开始导出线程 }
/// <summary> /// 获取物流明细记录 /// </summary> /// <param name="queryParam">查询条件</param> /// <param name="total">返回符合条件的总记录数量</param> /// <returns></returns> public List<OrderDetail> GetOrderDetailList(EFQueryParam<OrderDetail> queryParam, out int total) { total = 0; var lst = GetRepository<OrderDetail, Int64>().Get(queryParam, out total).ToList(); //组织其他冗余数据 if (lst != null && lst.Count > 0) { //冗余公司信息,供前台UI使用 var companyList = GetCompanyList(); if (companyList != null && companyList.Count > 0) { var companyDic = companyList.ToDictionary(p => p.Id); //转化为字典,提高效率 var tempbgIndex = queryParam.PageIndex * queryParam.PageSize + 1; //生成排序 lst.ForEach(t => { t.Index = tempbgIndex; //寄件公司 if (companyDic.ContainsKey(t.FromCompanyId)) { t.FromComoany = companyDic[t.FromCompanyId]; } //收件公司 if (companyDic.ContainsKey(t.ToCompanyId)) { t.ToCompany = companyDic[t.ToCompanyId]; } //付款公司 if (companyDic.ContainsKey(t.PaymentCompanyId)) { t.PaymentCompany = companyDic[t.PaymentCompanyId]; } tempbgIndex += 1; }); } } return lst; } /// <summary> /// 获取公司信息 /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> public List<Company> GetCompanyList() { //从缓存中获取 var lst = ApplicationRuntime.Instance.CurrentCache.Get<List<Company>>(KYEConsts.CachesKey.Company, () => this.GetRepository<Company>().Get().ToList()); return lst; }
结语: 经过这一系列改造后, 性能上大大改进了,查询响应耗时<=1s, 导出<=8s, 每次符合条件的数据大概在2W条左右.
至于本文中提到的
1. EF构建查询条件表达式,及查询数据库方式,可参见之前文章.http://www.cnblogs.com/xie-zhonglai/archive/2012/04/07/2435903.html
2. 导出Excel.本文使用了NPOI 这个组件,详情可参见文章:
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