具体网站开发流程_.NET_编程开发_程序员俱乐部

 

下面是我个人对网站开发框架的一点理解，下面做出了大概的模型，实现了基本的功能，下面也有所有的代码可以提供参考；

一开始学的时候不要把网站想的太复杂了，把网站的流程和大概的原理框架搞清楚，在通过代码大概的实现出来，这样以后面对网站开发的时候就会有一个具体的模型。

网站是一种通讯工具，就像布告栏一样，人们可以通过网站来发布自己想要公开的资讯，或者利用网站来提供相关的网络服务。人们可以通过网页浏览器来访问网站，获取自己需要的资讯或者享受网络服务。

其实网站开发无非就是接收到客户端发送过来的请求页面，然后对报文进行有必要的处理，在这个过程可以用事件管道处理来提高扩展性，在重新组装成新的报文，把它按照指定的报文格式发送回客户端去，而浏览器就可以得到响应，接收到想要的数据页面，同时，网站服务将关闭，等有新的请求的时候在开启服务。这个是客户端请求网站数据时的大概过程。

代码都有详细的注释，我就不多列外写了。

当然，这只是我个人的一点理解，我也是初学者，所以仅供参考，有不对的地方也可以指出。

forMyServer网站主页

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  1 using System;
  2 using System.Collections.Generic;
  3 using System.ComponentModel;
  4 using System.Data;
  5 using System.Drawing;
  6 using System.IO;
  7 using System.Linq;
  8 using System.Net;
  9 using System.Net.Sockets;
 10 using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary;
 11 using System.Text;
 12 using System.Threading;
 13 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 14 using System.Windows.Forms;
 15 
 16 namespace MyServer
 17 {
 18     public partial class forMyServer : Form
 19     {
 20         public forMyServer()
 21         {
 22             InitializeComponent();
 23         }
 24         private Sites sites = null;//站点实体
 25         BinaryFormatter formatter = null;//序列化
 26         private void menuAdd_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
 27         {
 28             forAddServer f = new forAddServer();
 29             f.SiteEvent += ServerSite;//添加事件
 30             f.ShowDialog();
 31         }
 32         private void ServerSite(Site s)//事件处理
 33         {
 34             treeView1.Nodes.Clear();
 35             sites.Add(s);
 36             string fileName = "a.dat";//序列化文件名（随便取的）
 37             string path = Application.ExecutablePath;//获取路劲
 38             path = path.Substring(0, path.LastIndexOf('\\'));
 39             fileName = path + "\\" + fileName;//带路径的文件名
 40             using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Create))
 41             {
 42                 formatter = new BinaryFormatter();
 43                 formatter.Serialize(fs, sites);//序列化对象
 44             }
 45             TreeNode root = new TreeNode("所有站点");
 46             treeView1.Nodes.Add(root);
 47             foreach(Site site in sites)//添加站点到属性控件
 48             {
 49                 TreeNode node = new TreeNode(site.SiteName);
 50                 node.Tag = site;
 51                 root.Nodes.Add(node);
 52             }
 53         }
 54 
 55         private void forMyServer_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
 56         {
 57             string fileName = "a.dat";
 58             string path = Application.ExecutablePath;
 59             path = path.Substring(0, path.LastIndexOf('\\'));
 60             fileName = path + "\\" + fileName;
 61             sites = new Sites();
 62             if (!File.Exists(fileName))
 63                 File.Create(fileName);
 64             using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Open))
 65             {  
 66                 if (sites != null)
 67                 {
 68                     formatter = new BinaryFormatter();
 69                     sites = formatter.Deserialize(fs) as Sites;
 70                     TreeNode root = new TreeNode("所有站点");
 71                     treeView1.Nodes.Add(root);
 72                     foreach (Site s in sites)
 73                     {
 74                         TreeNode node = new TreeNode(s.SiteName);
 75                         node.Tag = s;
 76                         root.Nodes.Add(node);
 77                     }
 78                 }
 79             }
 80         }
 81 
 82         private void menuStart_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
 83         {
 84             //取出树形控件中选中的站点
 85             if (treeView1.SelectedNode != null && treeView1.SelectedNode.Level > 0)
 86             {
 87                 //取出用户选中的站点对象
 88                 Site currSite = treeView1.SelectedNode.Tag as Site;
 89                 //站点没有开启就开启
 90                 if (!currSite.IsStart)
 91                 {
 92                     ParameterizedThreadStart p = new ParameterizedThreadStart(ListenSocket);
 93                     Thread t1 = new Thread(p);
 94                     t1.Start(currSite);//开启一个线程
 95                 }
 96             }
 97         }
 98         public void ListenSocket(object currSite) //监听Ip地址
 99         {
100             Site s = currSite as Site;
101             Socket server = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
102             EndPoint endPoint = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, 8080);
103             server.Bind(endPoint);
104             server.Listen(1000);//开启监听
105             s.IsStart = true;//表示以开启此站点，不用开启
106             HttpContext h = new HttpContext();
107             h.SitePath = s.Path;
108             while(true)
109             {
110                 Socket client = server.Accept();//接收用户实例
111                 h.TxSocket = client;
112                 Thread t = new Thread(Process);
113                 t.Start(h);
114             }
115         }
116         public void Process(object c)//发送页面回去的处理流程
117         {
118             HttpContext h = c as HttpContext;
119             Socket client = h.TxSocket;
120             byte[] b = new byte[1024];
121             int length = client.Receive(b);
122             string str = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(b, 0, length);//得到报文
123             h.Info = new HttpInfo(str);//拆分报文
124             h.Response = new HttpResponse();//组装新的报文
125             HttpAllContext allContext = new HttpAllContext();//所有信息
126             allContext.GeneratePages(h);
127             client.Send(h.Response.b);//发送数据
128             client.Close();//关闭服务          
129         }
130 
131         private void 退出服务ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
132         {
133             //client.Close();//关闭服务
134             Application.Exit();
135         }
136     }

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forAddServer添加网站

 1 using System;
 2 using System.Collections.Generic;
 3 using System.ComponentModel;
 4 using System.Data;
 5 using System.Drawing;
 6 using System.Linq;
 7 using System.Text;
 8 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 9 using System.Windows.Forms;
10 
11 namespace MyServer
12 {
13     public partial class forAddServer : Form
14     {
15         public forAddServer()
16         {
17             InitializeComponent();
18         }
19         public delegate void SiteDelegate(Site s);
20         public event SiteDelegate SiteEvent;
21         private void btnBrowse_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
22         {
23             FolderBrowserDialog open = new FolderBrowserDialog();
24             DialogResult result = open.ShowDialog();
25             if(result == DialogResult.OK)//获得站点路径
26             {
27                 txtDirectory.Text = open.SelectedPath;
28             }
29         }
30 
31         private bool Valid(out string info) //判断格式
32         {
33             //此处没有做特殊处理，所以我在次提醒读者们
34             bool flag = true;
35             if (txtName.Text == "" || txtIP.Text == "" || txtPort.Text == "")
36             {
37                 flag = false;
38                 info = "不能为空";
39             }
40             else
41                 info = "添加成功！";
42             return flag;
43         }
44 
45         private void btnOK_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
46         {
47             string info;
48             if (Valid(out info))
49                 MessageBox.Show(info);
50             else
51             {
52                 MessageBox.Show(info); 
53                 return;
54             }
55             Site s = new Site() { 
56                     SiteName=txtName.Text,
57                     IpAddress=txtIP.Text,
58                     Path=txtDirectory.Text,
59                     Port=txtPort.Text,
60                     IsStart=false
61             };
62             SiteEvent(s);
63         }
64 
65         private void btnCancel_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
66         {
67             this.Close();
68         }
69     }
70 }

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Site站点类

 1 using System;
 2 using System.Collections.Generic;
 3 using System.Linq;
 4 using System.Text;
 5 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 6 
 7 namespace MyServer
 8 {
 9     [Serializable]
10     public class Site//站点
11     {
12         public string SiteName { get;set; }
13         public string IpAddress { get; set; }
14         public string Port { get; set; }
15         public string Path { get; set; }
16         [NonSerialized]
17         public bool IsStart;
18     }
19 }

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Sites站点集合

 1 using System;
 2 using System.Collections.Generic;
 3 using System.Linq;
 4 using System.Text;
 5 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 6 
 7 namespace MyServer
 8 {
 9     [Serializable]
10     public class Sites : List<Site>
11     {
12         //public List<Site> sites = new List<Site>();
13         //public Sites(Site s)
14         //{
15         //    sites.Add(s);
16         //}
17     }
18 }

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HttpInfo拆分报文

 1 using System;
 2 using System.Collections.Generic;
 3 using System.Linq;
 4 using System.Text;
 5 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 6 
 7 namespace MyServer
 8 {
 9     public class HttpInfo
10     {
11         public string Method { get; set; }//GET POST
12         public string Url { get; set; } //请求地址URL
13         public string Protocol { get; set; }//使用的协议
14         public string Other { get; set; }//其它
15 
16         public HttpInfo(string str)
17         {
18             string[] keys = str.Split(new string[] { "\r\n" }, StringSplitOptions.None);
19             string[] rows = keys[0].Split(' ');//GET /1.html HTTP/1.1
20 
21             this.Method = rows[0];//获取Get/Post方法
22             this.Url = rows[1].Substring(1);
23             this.Protocol = rows[2];
24 
25             this.Other = str;
26         }
27     }
28 }

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Response反应的内容

 

 1 using System;
 2 using System.Collections.Generic;
 3 using System.Linq;
 4 using System.Text;
 5 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 6 
 7 namespace MyServer
 8 {
 9     public class HttpResponse
10     {
11         public byte[] b = null;
12         public string CreateOutHtml(string html)
13         {
14             StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
15             sb.Append("HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n");
16             sb.Append("Content-Type: text/html\r\n");
17             sb.Append("Last-Modified: Mon, 02 Dec 2013 12:21:06 GMT\r\n");
18             sb.Append("Accept-Ranges: bytes\r\n");
19             sb.Append("Server: Microsoft-IIS/7.5\r\n");
20             sb.Append("Content-Length: 426\r\n\r\n");
21 
22             sb.Append(html);//连接上报文头部
23 
24             return html;
25         }
26     }
27 }

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HttpContext内容实体

 1 using System;
 2 using System.Collections.Generic;
 3 using System.Linq;
 4 using System.Net.Sockets;
 5 using System.Text;
 6 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 7 
 8 namespace MyServer
 9 {
10     public class HttpContext
11     {
12         public string SitePath { get; set; }//路径地址
13         public Socket TxSocket { get; set; }
14         public HttpResponse Response { get; set; }//全部报文
15         public HttpInfo Info { get; set; }//拆分报文获得想要的信息
16     }
17 }

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HttpAllContext请求事件处理

 1 using System;
 2 using System.Collections.Generic;
 3 using System.IO;
 4 using System.Linq;
 5 using System.Text;
 6 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 7 using System.Windows.Forms;
 8 
 9 namespace MyServer
10 {
11     public class HttpAllContext
12     {
13         public delegate void ValidUserDelegate(HttpContext context);
14         public delegate void LoadCache(HttpContext context);
15         public delegate void LoadStatus(HttpContext context);
16         public delegate void GeneratePage(HttpContext context);
17         public delegate void WriteStatus(HttpContext context);
18 
19         //生成页面
20         public event ValidUserDelegate ValidUserHandler;//报文头
21         public event LoadCache LoadCacheHandler;
22         public event LoadStatus LoadStatusHandler;
23         public event GeneratePage GeneratePageHandler; //生成页面
24         public event WriteStatus WriteStatusHandler;//状态
25 
26         //获取请求的参数：从context.Request
27         //生成的页面：context.Response
28         //支持客户自定义处理方式，扩展性-----事件    “管道技术”
29         public void ProcessPage(HttpContext context)
30         {
31             if (ValidUserHandler != null) ValidUserHandler(context);
32             if (LoadCacheHandler != null) LoadCacheHandler(context);
33             if (LoadStatusHandler != null) LoadStatusHandler(context);
34             if (GeneratePageHandler != null) GeneratePageHandler(context);
35             if (WriteStatusHandler != null) WriteStatusHandler(context);
36         }
37 
38         public void GeneratePages(HttpContext context)//出错
39         {
40             HttpInfo httpInfo = context.Info;//拆分报文类获得地址等
41             //从报文中拆出请求的带路径html文件名
42             string htmlFileName = context.SitePath + "\\" + httpInfo.Url;
43             //如果有这个请求的文件就往下执行
44             if (File.Exists(htmlFileName))
45             {
46                 //读取文件中的所有内容
47                 string html = File.ReadAllText(htmlFileName);
48                 //重新组装报文
49                 HttpResponse httpResponse = new HttpResponse();
50                 html = httpResponse.CreateOutHtml(html);
51                 byte[] bb = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(html);
52                 context.Response.b = bb;
53                 MessageBox.Show("请求成功！");
54             }
55             else
56             {
57                 //错误处理。。。
58                 //string html = "404错误！";
59                 /context.Response.b = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(html);
60                 M/essageBox.Show("请求失败！");
61             }  
62         }
63     }
64 }

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