【原创】Matlab.NET混合编程技巧之——直接调用Matlab内置函数(附源码)_.NET_编程开发_程序员俱乐部

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【原创】Matlab.NET混合编程技巧之——直接调用Matlab内置函数(附源码)

 2013/9/13 15:52:37  asxinyu  博客园  我要评论(0)
  • 摘要:在我的上一篇文章【原创】Matlab.NET混编技巧之——找出Matlab内置函数中,已经大概的介绍了matlab内置函数在混合编程中的优点,并通过程序找出了matlab中的大部分内置函数,当然更多人关心是如何像我所说得那样,不用直接编译,就直接在C#中调用这些内置函数。本文就带你揭开这些谜团。声明,这篇文章是需要一点点混合编程基础的,基本概念和过程要懂一点,如果能简单成功混编一个简单的计算或者绘图例子,可以更容易理解。1.传统的Matlab
  • 标签:.net 原创 源码 函数 net 技巧 编程技巧 编程

在我的上一篇文章【原创】Matlab.NET混编技巧之——找出Matlab内置函数中,已经大概的介绍了matlab内置函数在混合编程中的优点,并通过程序找出了matlab中的大部分内置函数,当然更多人关心是如何像我所说得那样,不用直接编译,就直接在C#中调用这些内置函数。本文就带你揭开这些谜团。

声明,这篇文章是需要一点点混合编程基础的,基本概念和过程要懂一点,如果能简单成功混编一个简单的计算或者绘图例子,可以更容易理解

1.传统的Matlab.NET混合编程步骤

传统的Matlab.NET混合编程有2种方式:

1)Matlab编写好M函数,利用deploytool编译m函数生成dll,在C#项目中引用并调用;

2)基于接口的编写方式,也是利用deploytool工具,过程繁琐一点,对编程人员素质要求高一点,但不需要进行繁琐的数据类型转换。我的博客有一篇文章专门介绍了这个混合编程方式,也有例子,大家有兴趣的可以看看:http://www.cnblogs.com/asxinyu/archive/2013/05/16/3082299.html

class="p0" style="widows: 2; text-transform: none; background-color: #ffffff; text-indent: 0px; margin: 10px auto; font: 14px/25px verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; letter-spacing: normal; color: #333333; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; padding: 0px;"> 不管上面用哪种方式,Matlab和C#混编的基本步骤,大概都是下面的过程: 

1) 编写M函数,并首先在Matlab中测试是正确可以调用的。注意命名规范,注释规范; 

2) 使用命令打开 deploytool工具,设置项目名称,选择类型:.NET Assembly,然后新建一个类,并添加编写好的M函数 

3) 编译,生成dll,并在C#项目中添加引用(还需要引用对应版本的MWArray),利用对象浏览器查看生成dll的方法结构,并根据Matlab和C#的类型转换规则,进行数据转换即可, 如果是接口的编程,这个过程相对要简单。

2.深入解析传统混编所生成的代码

2.1 第一步:编写M函数,并测试可以使用

为了好我们今天的目的相匹配,特意封装一个简单的内置函数,plot,来画一个简单的图形,如下所示M函数    

1 function PlotTest(n)
2 %编写一个简单的函数,对plot进行简单封装一下
3 plot(1:n,1:n);
4 %测试正确,才可以进行下一步工作

注意,混编必须是m函数function的形式才能被调用。上述函数简单测试一下,没有问题(复杂的函数一定要多测试,否则后续调试非常困难)。继续下一步。

2.2 第二步:在Matlab中使用deploytool建立混编项目

 在Matlab工作区输入命令:deploytool,然后得到下面界面,输入混编项目的名称,选择存储位置,关键的是类型那里一定要选择".NET Assembly"。如下图所示:

选择“OK”之后,下一步matlab界面右侧会出现项目解决方案,需要添加类名称和M文件。这个类名称,就是编译完成之后C#项目中的类对象名称,然后添加我们刚才上一步编写的“PlotTest.m”,然后编译即可,如下图所示:

到此为止,一个常规 简单的Matlab.NET混编已经完成了60%了。编译完成之后,打开“Package”选项卡,即可看到生成的dll文件,然后点击右键,打开文件夹即可,如下图所示:

2.3 查看混编生成的代码

  这个过程很关键,其实包含很多信息,只不过95%以上的人都没有注意到其实混编生成的dll是有源文件的,通过查看源文件就应该知道混编的原理,只不过这是matlab自动生成 而已。那看看生成的源码吧。

  打开Matlab混编项目的目录,可以看到有2个文件夹,"distrib”,“src”2个文件夹。"distrib"文件夹就是上面图中生成的dll,注意有2个dll,1个是“项目名称.dll”,一个是“项目名称Native.dll”,这2个dll的差别可以通过"distrib"文件夹源码来观察。“distrib”就是源代码的文件夹。如下图所示,src文件夹的文件示意图:

 我们2.2中新建的类名是TestDemo,所以生成的的源码名称也是TestDemo,看看这2个cs文件中的代码,同时类的方法也可以在VS中通过对象浏览器来查看dll有哪些方法以及方法的参数类型。直接贴这2个cs文件的代码,顺便解释和对比下:

TestDemo.cs文件源码:

  1 /*
  2 * MATLAB Compiler: 4.17 (R2012a)
  3 * Date: Mon Sep 09 16:19:01 2013
  4 * Arguments: "-B" "macro_default" "-W" "dotnet:PlotTest,TestDemo,0.0,private" "-T"
  5 * "link:lib" "-d" "D:\Work\DevelopMent_SVN\Matlab\MatlabBlog\PlotTest\src" "-w"
  6 * "enable:specified_file_mismatch" "-w" "enable:repeated_file" "-w"
  7 * "enable:switch_ignored" "-w" "enable:missing_lib_sentinel" "-w" "enable:demo_license"
  8 * "-v" "class{TestDemo:D:\Work\DevelopMent_SVN\Matlab\MatlabBlog\PlotTest.m}" 
  9 */
 10 using System;
 11 using System.Reflection;
 12 using System.IO;
 13 using MathWorks.MATLAB.NET.Arrays;
 14 using MathWorks.MATLAB.NET.Utility;
 15 
 16 #if SHARED
 17 [assembly: System.Reflection.AssemblyKeyFile(@"")]
 18 #endif
 19 
 20 namespace PlotTest
 21 {
 22 
 23   /// <summary>
 24   /// The TestDemo class provides a CLS compliant, MWArray interface to the M-functions
 25   /// contained in the files:
 26   /// <newpara></newpara>
 27   /// D:\Work\DevelopMent_SVN\Matlab\MatlabBlog\PlotTest.m
 28   /// <newpara></newpara>
 29   /// deployprint.m
 30   /// <newpara></newpara>
 31   /// printdlg.m
 32   /// </summary>
 33   /// <remarks>
 34   /// @Version 0.0
 35   /// </remarks>
 36   public class TestDemo : IDisposable
 37   {
 38     #region Constructors
 39 
 40     /// <summary internal= "true">
 41     /// The static constructor instantiates and initializes the MATLAB Compiler Runtime
 42     /// instance.
 43     /// </summary>
 44     static TestDemo()
 45     {
 46       if (MWMCR.MCRAppInitialized)
 47       {
 48         Assembly assembly= Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly();
 49 
 50         string ctfFilePath= assembly.Location;
 51 
 52         int lastDelimiter= ctfFilePath.LastIndexOf(@"\");
 53 
 54         ctfFilePath= ctfFilePath.Remove(lastDelimiter, (ctfFilePath.Length - lastDelimiter));
 55 
 56         string ctfFileName = "PlotTest.ctf";
 57 
 58         Stream embeddedCtfStream = null;
 59 
 60         String[] resourceStrings = assembly.GetManifestResourceNames();
 61 
 62         foreach (String name in resourceStrings)
 63         {
 64           if (name.Contains(ctfFileName))
 65           {
 66             embeddedCtfStream = assembly.GetManifestResourceStream(name);
 67             break;
 68           }
 69         }
 70         mcr= new MWMCR("",
 71                        ctfFilePath, embeddedCtfStream, true);
 72       }
 73       else
 74       {
 75         throw new ApplicationException("MWArray assembly could not be initialized");
 76       }
 77     }
 78 
 79 
 80     /// <summary>
 81     /// Constructs a new instance of the TestDemo class.
 82     /// </summary>
 83     public TestDemo()
 84     {
 85     }
 86 
 87 
 88     #endregion Constructors
 89 
 90     #region Finalize
 91 
 92     /// <summary internal= "true">
 93     /// Class destructor called by the CLR garbage collector.
 94     /// </summary>
 95     ~TestDemo()
 96     {
 97       Dispose(false);
 98     }
 99 
100 
101     /// <summary>
102     /// Frees the native resources associated with this object
103     /// </summary>
104     public void Dispose()
105     {
106       Dispose(true);
107 
108       GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
109     }
110 
111 
112     /// <summary internal= "true">
113     /// Internal dispose function
114     /// </summary>
115     protected virtual void Dispose(bool disposing)
116     {
117       if (!disposed)
118       {
119         disposed= true;
120 
121         if (disposing)
122         {
123           // Free managed resources;
124         }
125 
126         // Free native resources
127       }
128     }
129 
130 
131     #endregion Finalize
132 
133     #region Methods
134 
135     /// <summary>
136     /// Provides a void output, 0-input MWArrayinterface to the PlotTest M-function.
137     /// </summary>
138     /// <remarks>
139     /// M-Documentation:
140     /// 编写一个简单的函数,对plot进行简单封装一下
141     /// </remarks>
142     ///
143     public void PlotTest()
144     {
145       mcr.EvaluateFunction(0, "PlotTest", new MWArray[]{});
146     }
147 
148 
149     /// <summary>
150     /// Provides a void output, 1-input MWArrayinterface to the PlotTest M-function.
151     /// </summary>
152     /// <remarks>
153     /// M-Documentation:
154     /// 编写一个简单的函数,对plot进行简单封装一下
155     /// </remarks>
156     /// <param name="n">Input argument #1</param>
157     ///
158     public void PlotTest(MWArray n)
159     {
160       mcr.EvaluateFunction(0, "PlotTest", n);
161     }
162 
163 
164     /// <summary>
165     /// Provides the standard 0-input MWArray interface to the PlotTest M-function.
166     /// </summary>
167     /// <remarks>
168     /// M-Documentation:
169     /// 编写一个简单的函数,对plot进行简单封装一下
170     /// </remarks>
171     /// <param name="numArgsOut">The number of output arguments to return.</param>
172     /// <returns>An Array of length "numArgsOut" containing the output
173     /// arguments.</returns>
174     ///
175     public MWArray[] PlotTest(int numArgsOut)
176     {
177       return mcr.EvaluateFunction(numArgsOut, "PlotTest", new MWArray[]{});
178     }
179 
180 
181     /// <summary>
182     /// Provides the standard 1-input MWArray interface to the PlotTest M-function.
183     /// </summary>
184     /// <remarks>
185     /// M-Documentation:
186     /// 编写一个简单的函数,对plot进行简单封装一下
187     /// </remarks>
188     /// <param name="numArgsOut">The number of output arguments to return.</param>
189     /// <param name="n">Input argument #1</param>
190     /// <returns>An Array of length "numArgsOut" containing the output
191     /// arguments.</returns>
192     ///
193     public MWArray[] PlotTest(int numArgsOut, MWArray n)
194     {
195       return mcr.EvaluateFunction(numArgsOut, "PlotTest", n);
196     }
197 
198 
199 
200     /// <summary>
201     /// This method will cause a MATLAB figure window to behave as a modal dialog box.
202     /// The method will not return until all the figure windows associated with this
203     /// component have been closed.
204     /// </summary>
205     /// <remarks>
206     /// An application should only call this method when required to keep the
207     /// MATLAB figure window from disappearing.  Other techniques, such as calling
208     /// Console.ReadLine() from the application should be considered where
209     /// possible.</remarks>
210     ///
211     public void WaitForFiguresToDie()
212     {
213       mcr.WaitForFiguresToDie();
214     }
215 
216 
217 
218     #endregion Methods
219 
220     #region Class Members
221 
222     private static MWMCR mcr= null;
223 
224     private bool disposed= false;
225 
226     #endregion Class Members
227   }
228 }
View Code

TestDemoNative.cs文件源码:

  1 /*
  2 * MATLAB Compiler: 4.17 (R2012a)
  3 * Date: Mon Sep 09 16:19:01 2013
  4 * Arguments: "-B" "macro_default" "-W" "dotnet:PlotTest,TestDemo,0.0,private" "-T"
  5 * "link:lib" "-d" "D:\Work\DevelopMent_SVN\Matlab\MatlabBlog\PlotTest\src" "-w"
  6 * "enable:specified_file_mismatch" "-w" "enable:repeated_file" "-w"
  7 * "enable:switch_ignored" "-w" "enable:missing_lib_sentinel" "-w" "enable:demo_license"
  8 * "-v" "class{TestDemo:D:\Work\DevelopMent_SVN\Matlab\MatlabBlog\PlotTest.m}" 
  9 */
 10 using System;
 11 using System.Reflection;
 12 using System.IO;
 13 using MathWorks.MATLAB.NET.Arrays;
 14 using MathWorks.MATLAB.NET.Utility;
 15 
 16 #if SHARED
 17 [assembly: System.Reflection.AssemblyKeyFile(@"")]
 18 #endif
 19 
 20 namespace PlotTestNative
 21 {
 22 
 23   /// <summary>
 24   /// The TestDemo class provides a CLS compliant, Object (native) interface to the
 25   /// M-functions contained in the files:
 26   /// <newpara></newpara>
 27   /// D:\Work\DevelopMent_SVN\Matlab\MatlabBlog\PlotTest.m
 28   /// <newpara></newpara>
 29   /// deployprint.m
 30   /// <newpara></newpara>
 31   /// printdlg.m
 32   /// </summary>
 33   /// <remarks>
 34   /// @Version 0.0
 35   /// </remarks>
 36   public class TestDemo : IDisposable
 37   {
 38     #region Constructors
 39 
 40     /// <summary internal= "true">
 41     /// The static constructor instantiates and initializes the MATLAB Compiler Runtime
 42     /// instance.
 43     /// </summary>
 44     static TestDemo()
 45     {
 46       if (MWMCR.MCRAppInitialized)
 47       {
 48         Assembly assembly= Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly();
 49 
 50         string ctfFilePath= assembly.Location;
 51 
 52         int lastDelimiter= ctfFilePath.LastIndexOf(@"\");
 53 
 54         ctfFilePath= ctfFilePath.Remove(lastDelimiter, (ctfFilePath.Length - lastDelimiter));
 55 
 56         string ctfFileName = "PlotTest.ctf";
 57 
 58         Stream embeddedCtfStream = null;
 59 
 60         String[] resourceStrings = assembly.GetManifestResourceNames();
 61 
 62         foreach (String name in resourceStrings)
 63         {
 64           if (name.Contains(ctfFileName))
 65           {
 66             embeddedCtfStream = assembly.GetManifestResourceStream(name);
 67             break;
 68           }
 69         }
 70         mcr= new MWMCR("",
 71                        ctfFilePath, embeddedCtfStream, true);
 72       }
 73       else
 74       {
 75         throw new ApplicationException("MWArray assembly could not be initialized");
 76       }
 77     }
 78 
 79 
 80     /// <summary>
 81     /// Constructs a new instance of the TestDemo class.
 82     /// </summary>
 83     public TestDemo()
 84     {
 85     }
 86 
 87 
 88     #endregion Constructors
 89 
 90     #region Finalize
 91 
 92     /// <summary internal= "true">
 93     /// Class destructor called by the CLR garbage collector.
 94     /// </summary>
 95     ~TestDemo()
 96     {
 97       Dispose(false);
 98     }
 99 
100 
101     /// <summary>
102     /// Frees the native resources associated with this object
103     /// </summary>
104     public void Dispose()
105     {
106       Dispose(true);
107 
108       GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
109     }
110 
111 
112     /// <summary internal= "true">
113     /// Internal dispose function
114     /// </summary>
115     protected virtual void Dispose(bool disposing)
116     {
117       if (!disposed)
118       {
119         disposed= true;
120 
121         if (disposing)
122         {
123           // Free managed resources;
124         }
125 
126         // Free native resources
127       }
128     }
129 
130 
131     #endregion Finalize
132 
133     #region Methods
134 
135     /// <summary>
136     /// Provides a void output, 0-input Objectinterface to the PlotTest M-function.
137     /// </summary>
138     /// <remarks>
139     /// M-Documentation:
140     /// 编写一个简单的函数,对plot进行简单封装一下
141     /// </remarks>
142     ///
143     public void PlotTest()
144     {
145       mcr.EvaluateFunction(0, "PlotTest", new Object[]{});
146     }
147 
148 
149     /// <summary>
150     /// Provides a void output, 1-input Objectinterface to the PlotTest M-function.
151     /// </summary>
152     /// <remarks>
153     /// M-Documentation:
154     /// 编写一个简单的函数,对plot进行简单封装一下
155     /// </remarks>
156     /// <param name="n">Input argument #1</param>
157     ///
158     public void PlotTest(Object n)
159     {
160       mcr.EvaluateFunction(0, "PlotTest", n);
161     }
162 
163 
164     /// <summary>
165     /// Provides the standard 0-input Object interface to the PlotTest M-function.
166     /// </summary>
167     /// <remarks>
168     /// M-Documentation:
169     /// 编写一个简单的函数,对plot进行简单封装一下
170     /// </remarks>
171     /// <param name="numArgsOut">The number of output arguments to return.</param>
172     /// <returns>An Array of length "numArgsOut" containing the output
173     /// arguments.</returns>
174     ///
175     public Object[] PlotTest(int numArgsOut)
176     {
177       return mcr.EvaluateFunction(numArgsOut, "PlotTest", new Object[]{});
178     }
179 
180 
181     /// <summary>
182     /// Provides the standard 1-input Object interface to the PlotTest M-function.
183     /// </summary>
184     /// <remarks>
185     /// M-Documentation:
186     /// 编写一个简单的函数,对plot进行简单封装一下
187     /// </remarks>
188     /// <param name="numArgsOut">The number of output arguments to return.</param>
189     /// <param name="n">Input argument #1</param>
190     /// <returns>An Array of length "numArgsOut" containing the output
191     /// arguments.</returns>
192     ///
193     public Object[] PlotTest(int numArgsOut, Object n)
194     {
195       return mcr.EvaluateFunction(numArgsOut, "PlotTest", n);
196     }
197 
198 
199     /// <summary>
200     /// Provides an interface for the PlotTest function in which the input and output
201     /// arguments are specified as an array of Objects.
202     /// </summary>
203     /// <remarks>
204     /// This method will allocate and return by reference the output argument
205     /// array.<newpara></newpara>
206     /// M-Documentation:
207     /// 编写一个简单的函数,对plot进行简单封装一下
208     /// </remarks>
209     /// <param name="numArgsOut">The number of output arguments to return</param>
210     /// <param name= "argsOut">Array of Object output arguments</param>
211     /// <param name= "argsIn">Array of Object input arguments</param>
212     /// <param name= "varArgsIn">Array of Object representing variable input
213     /// arguments</param>
214     ///
215     [MATLABSignature("PlotTest", 1, 0, 0)]
216     protected void PlotTest(int numArgsOut, ref Object[] argsOut, Object[] argsIn, params Object[] varArgsIn)
217     {
218         mcr.EvaluateFunctionForTypeSafeCall("PlotTest", numArgsOut, ref argsOut, argsIn, varArgsIn);
219     }
220 
221     /// <summary>
222     /// This method will cause a MATLAB figure window to behave as a modal dialog box.
223     /// The method will not return until all the figure windows associated with this
224     /// component have been closed.
225     /// </summary>
226     /// <remarks>
227     /// An application should only call this method when required to keep the
228     /// MATLAB figure window from disappearing.  Other techniques, such as calling
229     /// Console.ReadLine() from the application should be considered where
230     /// possible.</remarks>
231     ///
232     public void WaitForFiguresToDie()
233     {
234       mcr.WaitForFiguresToDie();
235     }
236 
237 
238 
239     #endregion Methods
240 
241     #region Class Members
242 
243     private static MWMCR mcr= null;
244 
245     private bool disposed= false;
246 
247     #endregion Class Members
248   }
249 }
View Code

对比大家就可以发现,只不过一个更加傻瓜化,参数都是Object了,其实这样反而不好,增加了类型转换的代价,如果知道,为何不给一个正确的给他呢。关于这2个dll的速度,曾经听说过是有差别的,博客园有人给过测试,我没实际测试过,还是习惯用传统的TestDemo.cs,因为参数类型都是Object,不直观,出了问题也有点头疼。

2.4 上述Matlab自动生成代码的要点

  后面某些类或者方法的XML注释就不说了,自动生成的东西,可以对照M文件的注释来看。

1.首先看第一段的注释信息:

 1 /*
 2 * MATLAB Compiler: 4.17 (R2012a)
 3 * Date: Mon Sep 09 16:19:01 2013
 4 * Arguments: "-B" "macro_default" "-W" "dotnet:PlotTest,TestDemo,0.0,private" "-T"
 5 * "link:lib" "-d" "D:\Work\DevelopMent_SVN\Matlab\MatlabBlog\PlotTest\src" "-w"
 6 * "enable:specified_file_mismatch" "-w" "enable:repeated_file" "-w"
 7 * "enable:switch_ignored" "-w" "enable:missing_lib_sentinel" "-w" "enable:demo_license"
 8 * "-v" "class{TestDemo:D:\Work\DevelopMent_SVN\Matlab\MatlabBlog\PlotTest.m}" 
 9 */
10 using System;
11 using System.Reflection;
12 using System.IO;
13 using MathWorks.MATLAB.NET.Arrays;
14 using MathWorks.MATLAB.NET.Utility;

上面这段信息主要是说明当前Matlab编译器的版本,因为编译的版本和部署的MCR版本必须对应起来,否则是不能运行的。然后有编译日期,以及编译的参数,类名以及M函数的地址等信息,其实知道这些参数,理论上是可以自己在程序里面调用Matlab的编译器进行编译工作的,只不过比较复杂,能力有限,研究不下去。下面的引用大家应该明白,这个是MWArray.dll里面的命名空间,所以混编的项目都要引用对应版本的MWArray.dll

2.关键的静态构造函数

 1 static TestDemo()
 2     {
 3       if (MWMCR.MCRAppInitialized)
 4       {
 5         Assembly assembly= Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly();
 6         string ctfFilePath= assembly.Location;
 7         int lastDelimiter= ctfFilePath.LastIndexOf(@"\");
 8         ctfFilePath= ctfFilePath.Remove(lastDelimiter, (ctfFilePath.Length - lastDelimiter));
 9         string ctfFileName = "PlotTest.ctf";
10         Stream embeddedCtfStream = null;
11         String[] resourceStrings = assembly.GetManifestResourceNames();
12         foreach (String name in resourceStrings)
13         {
14           if (name.Contains(ctfFileName))
15           {
16             embeddedCtfStream = assembly.GetManifestResourceStream(name);
17             break;
18           }
19         }
20         mcr= new MWMCR("",ctfFilePath, embeddedCtfStream, true);
21       }
22       else
23       {
24         throw new ApplicationException("MWArray assembly could not be initialized");
25       }
26     }

  如果有一些C#的开发和编程经验看上面的代码问题应该不大,否则还真有点难说清楚,简单的说几个要点:

  1)这个构造函数的作用主要是检测MCR对象是否初始化,如果没有,则寻找程序集,并拼接资源的位置,正确进行初始化

  2) 上面的ctf其实是包含在dll程序集里面的,以资源的形式,这个文件是核心,它才真正的包括了Matlab编译之后的,MCR可以运行的中间程序。

  3) 必须要合法正确的ctf文件和dll文件才能 正确的初始化mcr对象,合法的意思,是Matlab内部有校验机制,包括对相关版本,在以前的版本生成文件中,很明显,现在2012a里面都隐藏起来了,不过要求都一样。

  4) 上面方法其实已经间接的告诉了我们怎么初始化mcr对象,有了mcr对象,一切都好办了,因为它才是MCR的核心。 

3.PlotTest封装的方法代码

 1     public void PlotTest()
 2     {
 3       mcr.EvaluateFunction(0, "PlotTest", new MWArray[]{});
 4     }
 5     public void PlotTest(MWArray n)
 6     {
 7       mcr.EvaluateFunction(0, "PlotTest", n);
 8     }
 9     public MWArray[] PlotTest(int numArgsOut)
10     {
11       return mcr.EvaluateFunction(numArgsOut, "PlotTest", new MWArray[]{});
12     }
13     public MWArray[] PlotTest(int numArgsOut, MWArray n)
14     {
15       return mcr.EvaluateFunction(numArgsOut, "PlotTest", n);
16     }

  看了字段代码,再对应mcr的初始化,其实都很明朗了。通过mcr的EvaluateFunction来调用M函数。上面的代码有几个重载方法,可以实用很多不同的情况,有时候,这些方法的个数会更多,其实没多大必要,也可以自己编译一下,把没用的删掉,保留少数几个有用的即可。同时也可以看到,这里直接通过字符串来传递函数名称的,因此必须保证这个函数能被mcr搜索到。比如我们这里的"PlotTest"这个函数其实就包含了ctf文件中(注意ctf文件是可以和dll分开的,在混编项目里可以设置)。  

3.上述代码到内置函数的调用

   上述已经讲解了整个mcr调用的过程,其实就是通过mcr的EvaluateFunction来调用M函数,但要保证对于的函数名称在mcr搜索的范围内。那么我们是不是可以假设:内置函数都在MCR内部,应该是可以搜索到的,那么把上面的函数名称换一下,是不是也是可行的。这个假设也是我最早接触时候的想法,有了假设,当然要去验证。现在看来这个当然是肯定的,那么不妨重新演示一遍。过程不详细讲了,代码也有注释,混编要引用的MWArray.dll和命名空间也不提了,看代码:

 1 using System;
 2 using System.Collections.Generic;
 3 using System.Linq;
 4 using System.Text;
 5 using System.Reflection;
 6 using System.IO;
 7 
 8 using MathWorks.MATLAB.NET.Utility;
 9 using MathWorks.MATLAB.NET.Arrays;
10 
11 
12 namespace BuildInFunctionDemo
13 {
14     class Program
15     {
16         static MWMCR mcr;
17         static void Main(string[] args)
18         {
19             #region 首先使用PlotTest.dll来初始化mcr,因为这个dll是混编“合法”产生的,只有这样才能顺利启动mcr
20             if (MWMCR.MCRAppInitialized)
21             {
22                 string path = Path.Combine(System.Environment.CurrentDirectory, "PlotTest.dll");
23                 Assembly assembly = Assembly.LoadFile(path);
24                 string ctfFilePath = assembly.Location;
25                 int lastDelimiter = ctfFilePath.LastIndexOf(@"\");
26                 ctfFilePath = ctfFilePath.Remove(lastDelimiter, (ctfFilePath.Length - lastDelimiter));
27                 string ctfFileName = "PlotTest.ctf";
28                 Stream embeddedCtfStream = null;
29                 String[] resourceStrings = assembly.GetManifestResourceNames();
30 
31                 foreach (String name in resourceStrings)
32                 {
33                     if (name.Contains(ctfFileName))
34                     {
35                         embeddedCtfStream = assembly.GetManifestResourceStream(name);
36                         break;
37                     }
38                 }
39                 mcr = new MWMCR("",ctfFilePath, embeddedCtfStream, true);
40             }
41             else
42             {
43                 throw new ApplicationException("MWArray assembly could not be initialized");
44             }
45             #endregion
46 
47             #region 直接调用混编dll中的封装函数进行测试
48             mcr.EvaluateFunction(0, "PlotTest", 5);
49 
50             //注意这里要断点调试才能看到效果哦,因为mcr会把图绘制在一个Figure上面,
51             //后面的会覆盖前面的,这里暂停一下,可以看前面的效果
52             //下面就是直接调用matlab的plot函数的效果
53             MWNumericArray x = new double[]{1,2,3,4,5};
54             MWNumericArray y = new double[]{2,1,2.8,5.3,4.7};
55             mcr.EvaluateFunction(0, "plot",x,y );
56             #endregion
57 
58             Console.ReadKey();
59         }
60     }
61 }

唯一要注意的就是50-52的说明,要加断点看2次绘制的效果。分别截图如下:

4.总结

  抛砖引玉,这里只是一个思路,附代码下载吧。

   http://www.kuaipan.cn/file/id_4279479643944070.htm

 

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