ASP.NET MVC 重写RazorViewEngine实现多主题切换_.NET_编程开发_程序员俱乐部

中国优秀的程序员网站程序员频道CXYCLUB技术地图
热搜:
更多>>
 
您所在的位置: 程序员俱乐部 > 编程开发 > .NET > ASP.NET MVC 重写RazorViewEngine实现多主题切换

ASP.NET MVC 重写RazorViewEngine实现多主题切换

 2017/6/29 5:30:24  邹琼俊  程序员俱乐部  我要评论(0)
  • 摘要:在ASP.NETMVC中来实现主题的切换一般有两种方式,一种是通过切换皮肤的css和js引用,一种就是通过重写试图引擎。通过重写试图引擎的方式更加灵活,因为我不仅可以在不同主题下面布局和样式不一样,还可以让不同的主题下面显示的数据条目不一致,就是说可以在某些主题下面添加一下个性化的东西。本篇我将通过重写视图引擎的方式来进行演示,在这之前,我假设你已经具备了MVC的一些基础,我们先来看下效果:系统登录后是默认主题,当我们点击切换主题之后,左侧菜单栏的布局变了,右侧内容的样式也变了
  • 标签:.net ASP.NET MVC 实现 view net

在ASP.NET MVC中来实现主题的切换一般有两种方式,一种是通过切换皮肤的css和js引用,一种就是通过重写试图引擎。通过重写试图引擎的方式更加灵活,因为我不仅可以在不同主题下面布局和样式不一样,还可以让不同的主题下面显示的数据条目不一致,就是说可以在某些主题下面添加一下个性化的东西。

本篇我将通过重写视图引擎的方式来进行演示,在这之前,我假设你已经具备了MVC的一些基础,我们先来看下效果:

系统登录后是默认主题,当我们点击切换主题之后,左侧菜单栏的布局变了,右侧内容的样式也变了,而地址栏是不变的。界面UI用的metronic,虽然官网是收费的,但是在天朝,总是可以找到免费的。官方地址:http://keenthemes.com/preview/metronic/

在这里,我使用了分区域、分模块(按独立的业务功能划分)的方式,一个模块就是一个独立的dll,在这里Secom.Emx.Admin和Secom.Emx.History就是两个独立的模块,并分别创建了区域Admin和History。

 

你会发现Secom.Emx.Admin模型下面的Areas目录和Secom.Emx.WebApp中的目录是一模一样的,其实我最初不想在模块项目中添加任何的View,但是为了方便独立部署还是加了。

右键单击项目Secom.Emx.Admin,选择“属性”——“生成事件”添加如下代码:

xcopy /e/r/y $(ProjectDir)Areas\Admin\Views $(SolutionDir)Secom.Emx.WebApp\Areas\Admin\Views

这命令很简单,其实就是当编译项目Secom.Emx.Admin的时候,将项目中的Views复制到Secom.Emx.WebApp项目的指定目录下。

区域配置文件我放置到了Secom.Emx.WebApp中,其实你完全可以独立放置到一个类库项目中,因为注册区域路由的后,项目最终会寻找bin目录下面所有继承了AreaRegistration类的,然后让WebApp引用这个类库项目,Secom.Emx.WebApp项目添加Secom.Emx.Admin、Secom.Emx.History的引用。

AdminAreaRegistration代码如下:

using System.Web.Mvc;

namespace Secom.Emx.WebApp
{
    public class AdminAreaRegistration : AreaRegistration 
    {
        public override string AreaName 
        {
            get 
            {
                return "Admin";
            }
        }

        public override void RegisterArea(AreaRegistrationContext context) 
        {
            context.MapRoute(
                "Admin_default",
                "Admin/{controller}/{action}/{id}",
                new { action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional },
                namespaces:new string[1] { "Secom.Emx.Admin.Areas.Admin.Controllers" }
            );
        }
    }
}

注意命名空间和后面添加的 namespaces:new string[1] { "Secom.Emx.Admin.Areas.Admin.Controllers" },这个命名空间就是独立模块Secom.Emx.Admin下面的控制器所在的命名空间。

HistoryAreaRegistration代码如下:

logs_code_hide('ce029303-464e-4870-8ba6-c8b31a41bb48',event)" src="/Upload/Images/2017062905/2B1B950FA3DF188F.gif" alt="" />
using System.Web.Mvc;

namespace Secom.Emx.WebApp
{
    public class HistoryAreaRegistration : AreaRegistration 
    {
        public override string AreaName 
        {
            get 
            {
                return "History";
            }
        }

        public override void RegisterArea(AreaRegistrationContext context) 
        {
            context.MapRoute(
                "History_default",
                "History/{controller}/{action}/{id}",
                new { action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional },
                namespaces:new string[1] { "Secom.Emx.History.Areas.History.Controllers" }
            );
        }
    }
}
View Code

我们先看下RazorViewEngine的原始构造函数如下:

    public RazorViewEngine(IViewPageActivator viewPageActivator)  
        : base(viewPageActivator)  
    {  
        AreaViewLocationFormats = new[]  
        {  
            "~/Areas/{2}/Views/{1}/{0}.cshtml",  
            "~/Areas/{2}/Views/{1}/{0}.vbhtml",  
            "~/Areas/{2}/Views/Shared/{0}.cshtml",  
            "~/Areas/{2}/Views/Shared/{0}.vbhtml"  
        };  
        AreaMasterLocationFormats = new[]  
        {  
            "~/Areas/{2}/Views/{1}/{0}.cshtml",  
            "~/Areas/{2}/Views/{1}/{0}.vbhtml",  
            "~/Areas/{2}/Views/Shared/{0}.cshtml",  
            "~/Areas/{2}/Views/Shared/{0}.vbhtml"  
        };  
        AreaPartialViewLocationFormats = new[]  
        {  
            "~/Areas/{2}/Views/{1}/{0}.cshtml",  
            "~/Areas/{2}/Views/{1}/{0}.vbhtml",  
            "~/Areas/{2}/Views/Shared/{0}.cshtml",  
            "~/Areas/{2}/Views/Shared/{0}.vbhtml"  
        };  
      
        ViewLocationFormats = new[]  
        {  
            "~/Views/{1}/{0}.cshtml",  
            "~/Views/{1}/{0}.vbhtml",  
            "~/Views/Shared/{0}.cshtml",  
            "~/Views/Shared/{0}.vbhtml"  
        };  
        MasterLocationFormats = new[]  
        {  
            "~/Views/{1}/{0}.cshtml",  
            "~/Views/{1}/{0}.vbhtml",  
            "~/Views/Shared/{0}.cshtml",  
            "~/Views/Shared/{0}.vbhtml"  
        };  
        PartialViewLocationFormats = new[]  
        {  
            "~/Views/{1}/{0}.cshtml",  
            "~/Views/{1}/{0}.vbhtml",  
            "~/Views/Shared/{0}.cshtml",  
            "~/Views/Shared/{0}.vbhtml"  
        };  
      
        FileExtensions = new[]  
        {  
            "cshtml",  
            "vbhtml",  
        };  
    }  
View Code

然后新建CustomRazorViewEngine继承自RazorViewEngine,对View的路由规则进行了重写,既然可以重写路由规则,那意味着,你可以任意定义规则,然后遵守自己定义的规则就可以了。需要注意的是,要注意路由数组中的顺序,查找视图时,是按照前后顺序依次查找的,当找到了视图就立即返回,不会再去匹配后面的路由规则。为了提升路由查找效率,我这里删除了所有vbhtml的路由规则,因为我整个项目中都采用C#语言。

using System.Web.Mvc;

namespace Secom.Emx.WebApp.Helper
{
    public class CustomRazorViewEngine : RazorViewEngine
    {
        public CustomRazorViewEngine(string theme)
        {
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(theme))
            {
                AreaViewLocationFormats = new[]
                {
                       //themes
                       "~/themes/"+theme+"/views/Areas/{2}/{1}/{0}.cshtml",
                      "~/themes/"+theme+"/Shared/{0}.cshtml"

        "~/Areas/{2}/Views/{1}/{0}.cshtml",
        "~/Areas/{2}/Views/Shared/{0}.cshtml"
    };
                AreaMasterLocationFormats = new[]
                {
                             //themes
              "~/themes/"+theme+"/views/Areas/{2}/{1}/{0}.cshtml",
              "~/themes/"+theme+"/views/Areas/{2}/Shared/{0}.cshtml",
              "~/themes/"+theme+"/views/Shared/{0}.cshtml",

        "~/Areas/{2}/Views/{1}/{0}.cshtml",
        "~/Areas/{2}/Views/Shared/{0}.cshtml"
    };
                AreaPartialViewLocationFormats = new[]
                {
                            //themes
         "~/themes/"+theme+"/views/Shared/{0}.cshtml",

        "~/Areas/{2}/Views/{1}/{0}.cshtml",
        "~/Areas/{2}/Views/Shared/{0}.cshtml"
    };

                ViewLocationFormats = new[]
                {
                            //themes
          "~/themes/"+theme+"/views/{1}/{0}.cshtml",

        "~/Views/{1}/{0}.cshtml",
        "~/Views/Shared/{0}.cshtml"
    };
                MasterLocationFormats = new[]
                {
                            //themes
         "~/themes/"+theme+"/views/Shared/{0}.cshtml",

        "~/Views/{1}/{0}.cshtml",
        "~/Views/Shared/{0}.cshtml"
    };
                PartialViewLocationFormats = new[]
                {
                            //themes
        "~/themes/"+theme+"/views/Shared/{0}.cshtml",

        "~/Views/{1}/{0}.cshtml",
        "~/Views/Shared/{0}.cshtml"
    };

                FileExtensions = new[]{"cshtml"};
            }

        }
    }
}
View Code

重写后,我们的路由规则将是这样的:当没有选择主题的情况下,沿用原来的路由规则,如果选择了主题,则使用重写后的路由规则。

新的路由规则:在选择了主题的情况下,优先查找thems/主题名称/views/Areas/区域名称/控制器名称/视图名称.cshtml,如果找不到再按照默认的路由规则去寻找,也就是Areas/区域名称/Views/控制器名称/视图名称.cshtml

 

切换主题View代码:

                <div class="btn-group">
                    <button type="button" class="btn btn-circle btn-outline red dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown">
                        <i class="fa fa-plus"></i>&nbsp;
                        <span class="hidden-sm hidden-xs">切换主题&nbsp;</span>&nbsp;
                        <i class="fa fa-angle-down"></i>
                    </button>
                    <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu">
                        <li>
                            <a href="javascript:setTheme('default')">
                                <i class="icon-docs"></i> 默认主题
                            </a>
                        </li>
                        <li>
                            <a href="javascript:setTheme('Blue')">
                                <i class="icon-tag"></i> 蓝色主题
                            </a>
                        </li>
                    </ul>
                </div>
        <script type="text/javascript">
           function setTheme(themeName)
            {
               window.location.href = "/Home/SetTheme?themeName=" + themeName + "&href=" + window.location.href;
            }
        </script>

用户登录成功的时候,从Cookie中读取所选主题信息,当Cookie中没有读取到主题记录时,则从Web.config配置文件中读取配置的主题名称,如果都没有读取到,则说明是默认主题,沿用原有的视图引擎规则。

在后台管理界面,每次选择了主题,我都将主题名称存储到Cookie中,默认保存一年,这样当下次再登录的时候,就能够记住所选的主题信息了。

using System;
using System.Web.Mvc;
using Secom.Emx.WebApp.Helper;
using System.Web;
using Secom.Emx.Common.Controllers;

namespace Secom.Emx.WebApp.Controllers
{
    public class HomeController : BaseController
    {
        string themeCookieName = "Theme";
        public ActionResult Index()
        {
            ViewData["Menu"] = GetMenus();
            return View();
        }
        public ActionResult SetTheme(string themeName,string href)
        {
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(themeName))
            {
                Response.Cookies.Set(new HttpCookie(themeCookieName, themeName) { Expires = DateTime.Now.AddYears(1) });
            }
            else
            {
                themeName = Request.Cookies[themeCookieName].Value ?? "".Trim();
            }
            Utils.ResetRazorViewEngine(themeName);
            return string.IsNullOrEmpty(href)? Redirect("~/Home/Index"):Redirect(href);
        }
        public ActionResult Login()
        {
            string themeName = Request.Cookies[themeCookieName].Value ?? "".Trim();
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(themeName))
            {
                Utils.ResetRazorViewEngine(themeName);
            }
            return View();
        }
    }
}

Utils类:

using System.Configuration;
using System.Web.Mvc;

namespace Secom.Emx.WebApp.Helper
{
    public class Utils
    {
        private static string _themeName;

        public static string ThemeName
        {
            get
            {
                if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(_themeName))
                {
                    return _themeName;
                }
                //模板风格
                _themeName =string.IsNullOrEmpty(ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["Theme"])? "" : ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["Theme"];
                return _themeName;
            }
        }
        public static void ResetRazorViewEngine(string themeName)
        {
            themeName = string.IsNullOrEmpty(themeName) ? Utils.ThemeName : themeName;
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(themeName))
            {
                ViewEngines.Engines.Clear();
                ViewEngines.Engines.Add(new CustomRazorViewEngine(themeName));
            }
        }
    }
}
View Code

 实现方式实在是太简单,简单得我不知道如何表述才好,我还是记下来,方便有需要的人可以查阅,希望可以帮到你们。由于项目引入了庞大的各种相关文件以致文件比较大,网速原因无法上传源码还望见谅!

发表评论
用户名: 匿名