To create complex lists and cards with material design styles in your apps, you can use the RecyclerView
and CardView
widgets.
The RecyclerView
widget is a more advanced and flexible version of ListView
. This widget is a container for displaying large data sets that can be scrolled very efficiently by maintaining a limited number of views. Use the RecyclerView
widget when you have data collections whose elements change at runtime based on user action or network events.
The RecyclerView
class simplifies the display and handling of large data sets by providing:
You also have the flexibility to define custom layout managers and animations for RecyclerView
widgets.
To use the RecyclerView
widget, you have to specify an adapter and a layout manager. To create an adapter, extend the RecyclerView.Adapter
class. The details of the implementation depend on the specifics of your dataset and the type of views. For more information, see the examples below.
A layout manager positions item views inside a RecyclerView
and determines when to reuse item views that are no longer visible to the user. To reuse (or recycle) a view, a layout manager may ask the adapter to replace the contents of the view with a different element from the dataset. Recycling views in this manner improves performance by avoiding the creation of unnecessary views or performing expensive findViewById()
lookups.
RecyclerView
provides these built-in layout managers:
LinearLayoutManager
shows items in a vertical or horizontal scrolling list.GridLayoutManager
shows items in a grid.StaggeredGridLayoutManager
shows items in a staggered grid.To create a custom layout manager, extend the RecyclerView.LayoutManager
class.
Animations for adding and removing items are enabled by default in RecyclerView
. To customize these animations, extend the RecyclerView.ItemAnimator
class and use the RecyclerView.setItemAnimator()
method.
The following code example demonstrates how to add the RecyclerView
to a layout:
<!-- A RecyclerView with some commonly used attributes -->
<android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView
android:id="@+id/my_recycler_view"
android:scrollbars="vertical"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"/>
Once you have added a RecyclerView
widget to your layout, obtain a handle to the object, connect it to a layout manager, and attach an adapter for the data to be displayed:
publicclassMyActivityextendsActivity{
privateRecyclerView mRecyclerView;
privateRecyclerView.Adapter mAdapter;
privateRecyclerView.LayoutManager mLayoutManager;
@Override
protectedvoid onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState){
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.my_activity);
mRecyclerView =(RecyclerView) findViewById(R.id.my_recycler_view);
// use this setting to improve performance if you know that changes
// in content do not change the layout size of the RecyclerView
mRecyclerView.setHasFixedSize(true);
// use a linear layout manager
mLayoutManager =newLinearLayoutManager(this);
mRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(mLayoutManager);
// specify an adapter (see also next example)
mAdapter =newMyAdapter(myDataset);
mRecyclerView.setAdapter(mAdapter);
}
...
}
The adapter provides access to the items in your data set, creates views for items, and replaces the content of some of the views with new data items when the original item is no longer visible. The following code example shows a simple implementation for a data set that consists of an array of strings displayed using TextView
widgets:
publicclassMyAdapterextendsRecyclerView.Adapter<MyAdapter.ViewHolder>{
privateString[] mDataset;
// Provide a reference to the views for each data item
// Complex data items may need more than one view per item, and
// you provide access to all the views for a data item in a view holder
publicstaticclassViewHolderextendsRecyclerView.ViewHolder{
// each data item is just a string in this case
publicTextView mTextView;
publicViewHolder(TextView v){
super(v);
mTextView = v;
}
}
// Provide a suitable constructor (depends on the kind of dataset)
publicMyAdapter(String[] myDataset){
mDataset = myDataset;
}
// Create new views (invoked by the layout manager)
@Override
publicMyAdapter.ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent,
int viewType){
// create a new view
View v =LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext())
.inflate(R.layout.my_text_view, parent,false);
// set the view's size, margins, paddings and layout parameters
...
ViewHolder vh =newViewHolder(v);
return vh;
}
// Replace the contents of a view (invoked by the layout manager)
@Override
publicvoid onBindViewHolder(ViewHolder holder,int position){
// - get element from your dataset at this position
// - replace the contents of the view with that element
holder.mTextView.setText(mDataset[position]);
}
// Return the size of your dataset (invoked by the layout manager)
@Override
publicint getItemCount(){
return mDataset.length;
}
}
CardView
extends the FrameLayout
class and lets you show information inside cards that have a consistent look across the platform. CardView
widgets can have shadows and rounded corners.
To create a card with a shadow, use the card_view:cardElevation
attribute. CardView
uses real elevation and dynamic shadows on Android 5.0 (API level 21) and above and falls back to a programmatic shadow implementation on earlier versions. For more information, see Maintaining Compatibility.
Use these properties to customize the appearance of the CardView
widget:
card_view:cardCornerRadius
attribute.CardView.setRadius
method.card_view:cardBackgroundColor
attribute.The following code example shows you how to include a CardView
widget in your layout:
<LinearLayoutxmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
xmlns:card_view="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
... >
<!-- A CardView that contains a TextView -->
<android.support.v7.widget.CardView
xmlns:card_view="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
android:id="@+id/card_view"
android:layout_gravity="center"
android:layout_width="200dp"
android:layout_height="200dp"
card_view:cardCornerRadius="4dp">
<TextView
android:id="@+id/info_text"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"/>
</android.support.v7.widget.CardView>
</LinearLayout>
For more information, see the API reference for CardView
.
The RecyclerView
and CardView
widgets are part of the v7 Support Libraries. To use these widgets in your project, add these Gradle dependencies to your app's module:
dependencies {Next: Defining Shadows and Clipping Views Get started Next class Except as noted, this content is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 2.5. For details and restrictions, see the Content License.
...
compile 'com.android.support:cardview-v7:21.0.+'
compile 'com.android.support:recyclerview-v7:21.0.+'
}
About Android | Legal | Support