文章标题看起来是一个错误命题,因为在java的内存模型中方法的局部变量是放在线程私有的栈里的。下图是java虚拟机的内存模型:
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那么如何访问呢?这当然是有前提的,首先必须是内部类,局部变量必须加final修饰符。看代码示例:
class="java">public class FinalTest { public static void main(String[] args) { new FinalTest().test(); Thread t = Thread.currentThread(); System.out.println("Thread" + t.getId() + ":主线程结束"); // 执行到此处,主线程结束 } public void test() { // 定义一个局部变量 final int var = 1; final int[] refer = {1}; // 在内部类里访问局部变量var和refer new Thread(new Runnable() { public void run() { for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { // 此处将一直可以访问到var局部变量 Thread t = Thread.currentThread(); System.out.println("Thread" + t.getId() + ":" + (var + i));//实际上编译后是System.out.println(1 + i) //引用类型局部变量 System.out.println("Thread" + t.getId() + ":" + refer +"="+ (refer[0] + i)); // 暂停0.1秒 try { Thread.sleep(100); } catch (Exception ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); } } } }).start(); new Thread(new Runnable() { public void run() { for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) { //var = var + i;//不能修改 //引用类型虽然不让修改变量的引用地址,但是可以修改变量里的内容 //refer = {i};//不允许 refer[0] = i;//允许 // 暂停0.2秒 try { Thread.sleep(200); } catch (Exception ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); } } } }).start(); System.gc();//主线程执行完毕后,通知虚拟机垃圾回收,此时无论线程执行多久,var和refer都不会被回收掉 } }
?不启动第二个线程时运行结果如下:
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Thread1:主线程结束 Thread8:1 Thread8:[I@69b332=1 Thread8:2 Thread8:[I@69b332=2 Thread8:3 Thread8:[I@69b332=3 Thread8:4 Thread8:[I@69b332=4 Thread8:5 Thread8:[I@69b332=5 Thread8:6 Thread8:[I@69b332=6 Thread8:7 Thread8:[I@69b332=7 Thread8:8 Thread8:[I@69b332=8 Thread8:9 Thread8:[I@69b332=9 Thread8:10 Thread8:[I@69b332=10
??启动第二个线程时运行结果如下:
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Thread8:1 Thread1:主线程结束 Thread8:[I@173a10f=0 Thread8:2 Thread8:[I@173a10f=1 Thread8:3 Thread8:[I@173a10f=3 Thread8:4 Thread8:[I@173a10f=4 Thread8:5 Thread8:[I@173a10f=5 Thread8:6 Thread8:[I@173a10f=7 Thread8:7 Thread8:[I@173a10f=8 Thread8:8 Thread8:[I@173a10f=10 Thread8:9 Thread8:[I@173a10f=11 Thread8:10 Thread8:[I@173a10f=13
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