Servlet简单验证码的实现
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1.生成验证码图片:RandomValidateCode.java
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class="java" name="code">import java.awt.Color; import java.awt.Font; import java.awt.Graphics; import java.awt.image.BufferedImage; import java.util.Random; import javax.imageio.ImageIO; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession; public class RandomValidateCode { public static final String RANDOMCODEKEY = "RANDOMVALIDATECODEKEY";//放到session中的key private Random random = new Random(); private String randString = "0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";//随机产生的字符串 private int width = 80;//图片宽 private int height = 26;//图片高 private int lineSize = 20;//干扰线数量 private int stringNum = 4;//随机产生字符数量 /* * 获得字体 */ private Font getFont(){ return new Font("Fixedsys",Font.CENTER_BASELINE,18); } /* * 获得颜色 */ private Color getRandColor(int fc,int bc){ if(fc > 255) fc = 255; if(bc > 255) bc = 255; int r = fc + random.nextInt(bc-fc-16); int g = fc + random.nextInt(bc-fc-14); int b = fc + random.nextInt(bc-fc-18); return new Color(r,g,b); } /** * 生成随机图片 */ public void getRandcode(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) { HttpSession session = request.getSession(); //BufferedImage类是具有缓冲区的Image类,Image类是用于描述图像信息的类 BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width,height,BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_BGR); Graphics g = image.getGraphics();//产生Image对象的Graphics对象,改对象可以在图像上进行各种绘制操作 g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height); g.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman",Font.ROMAN_BASELINE,18)); g.setColor(getRandColor(110, 133)); //绘制干扰线 for(int i=0;i<=lineSize;i++){ drowLine(g); } //绘制随机字符 String randomString = ""; for(int i=1;i<=stringNum;i++){ randomString=drowString(g,randomString,i); } session.removeAttribute(RANDOMCODEKEY); session.setAttribute(RANDOMCODEKEY, randomString); System.out.println(randomString); g.dispose(); try { ImageIO.write(image, "JPEG", response.getOutputStream());//将内存中的图片通过流动形式输出到客户端 } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } /* * 绘制字符串 */ private String drowString(Graphics g,String randomString,int i){ g.setFont(getFont()); g.setColor(new Color(random.nextInt(101),random.nextInt(111),random.nextInt(121))); String rand = String.valueOf(getRandomString(random.nextInt(randString.length()))); randomString +=rand; g.translate(random.nextInt(3), random.nextInt(3)); g.drawString(rand, 13*i, 16); return randomString; } /* * 绘制干扰线 */ private void drowLine(Graphics g){ int x = random.nextInt(width); int y = random.nextInt(height); int xl = random.nextInt(13); int yl = random.nextInt(15); g.drawLine(x, y, x+xl, y+yl); } /* * 获取随机的字符 */ public String getRandomString(int num){ return String.valueOf(randString.charAt(num)); } }
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2.把图片传到浏览器上的servlet:ImageServlet.java
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import java.io.IOException; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; public class ImageServlet extends HttpServlet { /** * Constructor of the object. */ public ImageServlet() { super(); } /** * Destruction of the servlet. <br> */ public void destroy() { super.destroy(); // Just puts "destroy" string in log // Put your code here } /** * The doGet method of the servlet. <br> * * This method is called when a form has its tag value method equals to get. * * @param request the request send by the client to the server * @param response the response send by the server to the client * @throws ServletException if an error occurred * @throws IOException if an error occurred */ private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { response.setContentType("image/jpeg");//设置相应类型,告诉浏览器输出的内容为图片 response.setHeader("Pragma", "No-cache");//设置响应头信息,告诉浏览器不要缓存此内容 response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache"); response.setDateHeader("Expire", 0); RandomValidateCode randomValidateCode = new RandomValidateCode(); try { randomValidateCode.getRandcode(request, response);//输出图片方法 } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } /** * The doPost method of the servlet. <br> * * This method is called when a form has its tag value method equals to post. * * @param request the request send by the client to the server * @param response the response send by the server to the client * @throws ServletException if an error occurred * @throws IOException if an error occurred */ public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { doGet(request, response); } /** * Initialization of the servlet. <br> * * @throws ServletException if an error occurs */ public void init() throws ServletException { // Put your code here } }
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3.web.xml添加映射(重要!!!):
<servlet-mapping > <servlet-name>valid</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/valid</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <servlet> <servlet-name>valid</servlet-name> <servlet-class>com.datanew.czfc.validateCode.ImageServlet</servlet-class> </servlet>
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4.jsp显示验证码图片和输入验证码:
<tr> <td height="37" align="right"><span class="STYLE1">验证码:</span></td> <td><input name="validCode" class="login_valid" maxlength="4"/> <img id="validCode" src="valid" mce_src="valid" onclick="changeCode()"/></td> </tr>
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5.刷新验证码的脚本(重要!):
/* function changeCode(){ document.getElementById("validCode").src="valid"; } */这种方式测试失败! function changeCode(){ var request = getXMLRequest();//得到XMLHttpRequest对象 request.onreadystatechange = function(){ if(request.readyState == 4){ document.getElementById("validCode").src = "valid";//改变验证码图片 } } //将请求发送出去 request.open("GET","valid",true); request.send(null); } function getXMLRequest(){ var request; try{ //for火狐等浏览器 request = new XMLHttpRequest(); }catch(e){ try{ //for IE request = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHttp"); }catch(e){ alert("您的浏览器不支持AJAX!!!"); return null; } } return request; }
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6.登录验证:
boolean valid = false; String validCode = request.getParameter("validCode"); String oldCode = (String) request.getSession().getAttribute("RANDOMVALIDATECODEKEY"); if (validCode !=null && validCode.equalsIgnoreCase(oldCode)) { valid = true; }
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