MVC控制器传递多个Model到视图,使用ViewData, ViewBag, 部分视图, TempData, ViewModel, Tuple_.NET_编程开发_程序员俱乐部

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MVC控制器传递多个Model到视图,使用ViewData, ViewBag, 部分视图, TempData, ViewModel, Tuple

 2014/5/6 13:31:55  Darren Ji  博客园  我要评论(0)
  • 摘要：从控制器传递多个Model到视图，可以通过ViewData,ViewBag,PartialView,TempData,ViewModel，Tuple等，本篇逐一体验。本篇源码在github。 在视图页面，下拉框选择课程触发事件，分别显示老师课程表、学生上课表，如图： 相关的Model：publicclassCourse{publicintId{get;set;}publicstringName{get;set;}} publicclassTeacher
  • 标签：MVC ViewData 使用 view

从控制器传递多个Model到视图，可以通过ViewData, ViewBag, PartialView, TempData, ViewModel，Tuple等，本篇逐一体验。本篇源码在github。

 

在视图页面，下拉框选择课程触发事件，分别显示老师课程表、学生上课表，如图：
1

 

相关的Model：

class="alt">    public class Course
    {
        public int Id { get; set; }
        public string Name { get; set; }
    }
 
    public class Teacher
    {
        public int Id { get; set; }
        public string Name { get; set; }
        public List<Course> Courses { get; set; }
    }
 
    public class Student
    {
        public int Id { get; set; }
        public string Name { get; set; }
        public List<Course> Courses { get; set; }
    }

 

  使用ViewData传递多个Model

□ HomeController

        public ActionResult Index()
        {
            ViewData["Courses"] = _repository.GetCourses();
            ViewData["Students"] = _repository.GetStudents();
            ViewData["Teachers"] = _repository.GetTeachers();
            return View();
        }

 

□ Home/Index.cshtml

@using MvcApplication1.Models
@using System.Web.Helpers;
@{
    
    Layout = null;
}
 
<!DOCTYPE html>
 
<html>
<head>
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" />
    <title>ViewDataDemo</title>
    <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.8.2.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        $(function () {
            //隐藏
            $('#students').hide();
            $('#teachers').hide();
 
            //点击课程下拉框           
            $('#sel').change(function() {
                selectedCourseName = $('#sel').val().trim();
                if (selectedCourseName == "--选择课程--") {
                    $('#students').hide();
                    $('#teachers').hide();
                } else {
                    getTeacherTable();
                    getStudentTable();
                    $('#students').show();
                    $('#teachers').show();
                }
            });
        });
 
        var selectedCourseName;
 
        //创建老师课程表
        function getTeacherTable() {
            $('#teachersTable').empty();
            $('#teachersTable').append("<table id='tblTeachers'><tr><th>编号</th><th>姓名</th></tr></table>");
            //把所有老师转换成json格式
            var teachers = @Html.Raw(Json.Encode(ViewData["Teachers"]));
 
            for (var i = 0; i < teachers.length; i++) {
                var courses = teachers[i].Courses;
                for (var j = 0; j < courses.length; j++) {
                    if (courses[j].Name == selectedCourseName) {
                        $('#tblTeachers').append("<tr><td>"+courses[i].Id+"</td><td>"+courses[i].Name+"</td></tr>");
                    }
                }
            }
        }
 
        //创建学生上课表
        function getStudentTable() {
            $('#studentsTable').empty();
            $('#studentsTable').append("<table id='tblStudents'><tr><th>编号</th><th>姓名</th></tr></table>");
            var students = @Html.Raw(Json.Encode(ViewData["Students"]));
            for (var i = 0; i < students.length; i++) {
                var courses = students[i].Courses;
                for (var j = 0; j < courses.length; j++) {
                    if (courses[j].Name == selectedCourseName) {
                        $('#tblStudents').append("<tr><td>"+courses[j].Id+"</td><td>"+courses[j].Name+"</td></tr>");
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    </script>
</head>
<body>
    <div>
        <table>
            <tr>
                <td><h3>选择课程</h3></td>
                <td>
                    <select id="sel">
                        <option>--选择课程--</option>
                        @foreach (var course in ViewData["Courses"] as List<Course>)
                        {
                            <option>@course.Name</option>
                        }
                    </select>
                </td>
            </tr>
        </table>
    </div>
    <div id="teachers">
        <h4>老师课程表</h4>
        <div id="teachersTable"></div>
    </div>
    <div id="students">
        <h4>学生上课表</h4>
        <div id="studentsTable"></div>
    </div>
</body>
</html>
 

 

@Html.Raw(Json.Encode(ViewData["Students"]))是把Model转换成json字符串，需要用到System.Web.Helpers，把此类库引用到项目，并且必须设置"复制到本地属性"为true,否则报错。

2

 

  使用ViewBag传递多个Model

□ HomeController

        public ActionResult ViewBagDemo()
        {
            ViewBag.Courses = _repository.GetCourses();
            ViewBag.Students = _repository.GetStudents();
            ViewBag.Teachers = _repository.GetTeachers();
            return View();
        }

 

□ Home/ViewBagDemo.cshtml

下拉框遍历课程改成：
@foreach (var course in ViewBag.Courses)     

 

getTeacherTable()方法中改成：
var teachers = @Html.Raw(Json.Encode(ViewBag.Teachers));

 

getStudentTable()方法中改成：
var students = @Html.Raw(Json.Encode(ViewBag.Students));

 

  使用部分视图传递多个Model

□ HomeController

        public ActionResult PartialViewDemo()
        {
            List<Course> courses = _repository.GetCourses();
            return View(courses);
        }
       
        public ActionResult StudentsToPVDemo(string courseName)
        {
            IEnumerable<Course> courses = _repository.GetCourses();
            var selectedCourseId = (from c in courses
                                    where c.Name == courseName
                                    select c.Id).FirstOrDefault();
 
            IEnumerable<Student> students = _repository.GetStudents();
            var studentsInCourse = students.Where(s => s.Courses.Any(c => c.Id == selectedCourseId)).ToList();
 
            return PartialView("StudentPV", studentsInCourse);
        }
 
        public ActionResult TeachersToPVDemo(string courseName)
        {
            IEnumerable<Course> courses = _repository.GetCourses();
            var selectedCourseId = (from c in courses
                                    where c.Name == courseName
                                    select c.Id).FirstOrDefault();
 
            IEnumerable<Teacher> teachers = _repository.GetTeachers();
            var teachersForCourse = teachers.Where(t => t.Courses.Any(c => c.Id == selectedCourseId)).ToList();
 
            return PartialView("TeacherPV", teachersForCourse);
        }

 

□ Home/PartialViewDemo.cshmtl

@model IEnumerable<MvcApplication1.Models.Course>
 
@{
    Layout = null;
}
 
<!DOCTYPE html>
 
<html>
<head>
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" />
    <title>PatialViewDemo</title>
    <script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.8.2.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        $(function () {
            //隐藏
            $('#students').hide();
            $('#teachers').hide();
 
            //点击课程下拉框           
            $('#sel').change(function() {
                selectedCourseName = $('#sel').val().trim();
                if (selectedCourseName == "--选择课程--") {
                    $('#students').hide();
                    $('#teachers').hide();
                } else {
                    getTeacherTable();
                    getStudentTable();
                    $('#students').show();
                    $('#teachers').show();
                }
            });
        });
 
        var selectedCourseName;
 
        //创建老师课程表
        function getTeacherTable() {
            $.ajax({
                url: "@Url.Action("TeachersToPVDemo","Home")",
                type: 'Get',
                data: { courseName: selectedCourseName },
                success: function(data) {
                    $('#teachersTable').empty().append(data);
                },
                error: function() {
                    alert("sth wrong");
                }
            });
        }
 
        //创建学生上课表
        function getStudentTable() {
            $.ajax({
                url: "@Url.Action("StudentsToPVDemo","Home")",
                type: 'Get',
                data: { courseName: selectedCourseName },
                success: function (data) {
                    $('#studentsTable').empty().append(data);
                },
                error: function () {
                    alert("sth wrong");
                }
            });
        }
    </script>
</head>
<body>
    <div>
        <table>
            <tr>
                <td><h3>选择课程</h3></td>
                <td>
                    <select id="sel">
                        <option>--选择课程--</option>
                        @foreach (var course in Model)
                        {
                            <option>@course.Name</option>
                        }
                    </select>
                </td>
            </tr>
        </table>
    </div>
    <div id="teachers">
        <h4>老师课程表</h4>
        <div id="teachersTable"></div>
    </div>
    <div id="students">
        <h4>学生上课表</h4>
        <div id="studentsTable"></div>
    </div>
</body>
</html>
 

 

□ TeacherPV.cshtml与StudentPV.cshtml

@model IEnumerable<MvcApplication1.Models.Teacher>
 
<table id="tblTeacherDetail">
    <tr>
        <th>编号</th>
        <th>名称</th>
    </tr>
    @foreach (var item in Model)
    {
        <tr>
            <td>@item.Id</td>
            <td>@item.Name</td>
        </tr>
    }
</table>

 

  使用TempData传递多个Model

□ HomeController

        public ActionResult TempDataDemo()
        {
            //第一次从数据库读取数据放到TempData中，以后的请求从TempData中获取数据
            TempData["Courses"] = _repository.GetCourses();
 
            //让TempData保存数据，直到下一次请求
            TempData.Keep("Courses");
            return View();
        }
 
        public ActionResult TeachersTempData(string courseName)
        {
            var courses = TempData["Courses"] as IEnumerable<Course>;
 
            //由于TempData["Courses"]还要被下一次请求，继续TempData保存数据
            TempData.Keep("Courses");
 
            var selectedCourseId = (from c in courses
                where c.Name == courseName
                select c.Id).FirstOrDefault();
 
            IEnumerable<Teacher> teachers = _repository.GetTeachers();
            var teachersForCourse = teachers.Where(t => t.Courses.Any(c => c.Id == selectedCourseId)).ToList();
 
            return PartialView("TeacherPV", teachersForCourse);
        }
 
        public ActionResult StudentsTempData(string courseName)
        {
            var courses = TempData["Courses"] as IEnumerable<Course>;
 
            //由于TempData["Courses"]还要被下一次请求，继续TempData保存数据
            TempData.Keep("Courses");
 
            var selectedCourseId = (from c in courses
                                    where c.Name == courseName
                                    select c.Id).FirstOrDefault();
 
            IEnumerable<Student> students = _repository.GetStudents();
            var studentsForCourse = students.Where(s => s.Courses.Any(c => c.Id == selectedCourseId)).ToList();
 
            return PartialView("StudentPV", studentsForCourse);
        }

 

□ Home/TempDataDemo.cshtml

下拉框遍历课程：
@foreach (var course in Model)

 

ajax请求老师课程表：
@Url.Action("TeachersTempData","Home")

 

ajax请求学生上课表：
@Url.Action("StudentsTempData","Home")

 

  使用ViewModel传递多个Model

□ View Model

    public class SchoolVm
    {
        public List<Course> Courses { get; set; }
        public List<Student> Students { get; set; }
        public List<Teacher> Teachers { get; set; }
    }

 

□ HomeController

        public ActionResult ViewModelDemoVM()
        {
            SchoolVm vm = new SchoolVm();
            vm.Courses = _repository.GetCourses();
            vm.Teachers = _repository.GetTeachers();
            vm.Students = _repository.GetStudents();
            return View(vm);
        }

 

□ Home/ViewModelDemoVM.cshtml

@model MvcApplication1.Models.SchoolVm

下拉框遍历课程：
@foreach (var course in Model.Courses)

 

ajax请求老师课程表和学生上课表：
@Html.Raw(Json.Encode(Model.Teachers))
@Html.Raw(Json.Encode(Model.Students))

 

  使用Tuple传递多个Model

□ HomeController

        public ActionResult TupleDemo()
        {
            var allModels = new Tuple<List<Course>, List<Teacher>, List<Student>>(_repository.GetCourses(),
                _repository.GetTeachers(), _repository.GetStudents()) {};
            return View(allModels);
        }

 

□ Home/TupleDemo.cshtml

@model Tuple <List <MvcApplication1.Models.Course>, List <MvcApplication1.Models.Teacher>, List <MvcApplication1.Models.Student>>   

下拉框遍历课程：
@foreach (var course in Model.Item1)

 

ajax请求老师课程表和学生上课表：
@Html.Raw(Json.Encode(Model.Item2))
@Html.Raw(Json.Encode(Model.Item3))


参考资料：
※ Using Multiple Models in a View in ASP.NET MVC 4 / MVC 5

MVC控制器传递多个Model到视图,使用ViewData, ViewBag, 部分视图, TempData, ViewModel, Tuple
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