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xml使用系统整理

2014/4/26 19:25:59 软谋在线教育博客园我要评论(0)

摘要：1、认识xml可扩展标记语言，一种用于标记电子文档使其具有结果性的标记语言，它可以用来标记数据、定义数据类型，是一种允许用户对自己的标记语言进行定义的源语言。2、和超文本标记语言区别2.1html不一定需要成对出现，xml则一定需要成对出现。2.2html不区分大小写，但是xml区分。3、对xml文档增删改查1//声明一个XmlDocument空对象2protectedXmlDocumentXmlDoc=newXmlDocument();3///<summary>4///构造函数
标签：使用 XML

1、 认识xml

可扩展标记语言，一种用于标记电子文档使其具有结果性的标记语言，它可以用来标记数据、定义数据类型，是一种允许用户对自己的标记语言进行定义的源语言。

2、 和超文本标记语言区别

2.1 html不一定需要成对出现，xml则一定需要成对出现。

2.2 html 不区分大小写，但是xml区分。

3、对xml文档增删改查

 1  //声明一个XmlDocument空对象
 2         protected XmlDocument XmlDoc = new XmlDocument();
 3         /// <summary>
 4         /// 构造函数，导入xml文件
 5         /// </summary>
 6         /// <param name="path"></param>
 7         public XmlHelper(string path)
 8         {
 9             try
10             {
11                 XmlDoc.Load(path);
12             }
13             catch (Exception ex)
14             {
15                 throw ex;
16             }
17         }
18         /// <summary>
19         /// 保存文件
20         /// </summary>
21         /// <param name="path"></param>
22         public void SaveXml(string path)
23         {
24             try
25             {
26                 XmlDoc.Save(path);
27             }
28             catch (System.Exception ex)
29             {
30                 throw ex;
31             }
32         }

 1  /// <summary>
 2         /// 获取节点的子节点的内容
 3         /// </summary>
 4         /// <param name="path"></param>
 5         /// <param name="rootNode"></param>
 6         /// <param name="attributeName"></param>
 7         /// <returns></returns>
 8         public string GetNodeChildAttribute(string path, string rootNode, string attributeName)
 9         {
10             XmlNode xn = XmlDoc.SelectSingleNode(rootNode);
11             StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
12             XmlNodeList xnl = xn.ChildNodes;
13 
14             foreach (XmlNode xnf in xnl)
15             {
16                 XmlElement xe = (XmlElement)xnf;
17                 XmlNodeList xnf1 = xe.ChildNodes;
18                 foreach (XmlNode xn2 in xnf1)
19                 {
20                     if (xn2.Name == attributeName)
21                     {
22                         sb.Append(xn2.InnerText);//显示子节点点文本
23                     }
24                 }
25             }
26             return sb.ToString();
27         }

 1 /// <summary>
 2         /// 获取节点的属性值
 3         /// </summary>
 4         /// <param name="path">xml路径</param>
 5         /// <param name="rootNode">根节点名称</param>
 6         /// <param name="attributeName">属性名称</param>
 7         /// <returns></returns>
 8         public string GetNodeAttribute(string path, string rootNode, string attributeName)
 9         {
10             try
11             {
12                 XmlNode xn = XmlDoc.SelectSingleNode(rootNode);
13                 XmlNodeList xnl = xn.ChildNodes;
14                 StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
15                 foreach (XmlNode xnf in xnl)
16                 {
17                     XmlElement xe = (XmlElement)xnf;
18                     sb.Append(xe.GetAttribute(attributeName));
19                 }
20                 return sb.ToString();
21             }
22             catch (Exception)
23             {
24 
25                 throw;
26             }
27         }

 1  /// <summary>
 2         /// 删除节点/节点属性
 3         /// </summary>
 4         /// <param name="path">xml文件地址</param>
 5         /// <param name="rootNode">根节点名称</param>
 6         /// <param name="delNode">要删除的节点</param>
 7         /// <param name="attributeName">节点属性</param>
 8         /// <param name="attributeValue">属性值</param>
 9         public void DeleteNode(string path, string rootNode, string attributeName, string attributeValue)
10         {
11             try
12             {
13                 XmlNodeList xnl = XmlDoc.SelectSingleNode(rootNode).ChildNodes;
14                 foreach (XmlNode xn in xnl)
15                 {
16                     XmlElement xe = (XmlElement)xn;
17                     if (xe.GetAttribute(attributeName) == attributeValue)
18                     {
19                         //xe.RemoveAttribute(attributeName);//删除属性
20                         xe.RemoveAll();//删除该节点的全部内容
21                     }
22                 }
23                 SaveXml(path);
24             }
25             catch (Exception)
26             {
27 
28                 throw;
29             }
30         }

 1  /// <summary>
 2         /// 修改节点的子节点内容
 3         /// </summary>
 4         /// <param name="path">xml文件路径</param>
 5         /// <param name="rootNode">根节点名称</param>
 6         /// <param name="attributeName">节点的子节点名称</param>
 7         /// <param name="attributeOldValue">节点的子节点原始内容</param>
 8         /// <param name="attributeNewValue">节点的子节点新内容</param>
 9         public void UpdateChildNodeAttribute(string path, string rootNode, string attributeName, string attributeOldValue, string attributeNewValue)
10         {
11             try
12             {
13                 XmlNodeList nodeList = XmlDoc.SelectSingleNode(rootNode).ChildNodes;//获取根节点的所有子节点
14                 foreach (XmlNode xn in nodeList)//遍历所有子节点
15                 {
16                     XmlElement xe = (XmlElement)xn;//将子节点类型转换为XmlElement类型
17                     if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(attributeName) || string.IsNullOrEmpty(attributeOldValue))
18                     {
19                         return;
20                     }
21                     else
22                     {
23                         XmlNodeList nls = xe.ChildNodes;
24                         if (nls != null && nls.Count > 0)
25                         {
26                             foreach (XmlNode xn1 in nls)//遍历
27                             {
28                                 XmlElement xe2 = (XmlElement)xn1;//转换类型
29                                 if (xe2.InnerText == attributeOldValue)//如果找到
30                                 {
31                                     xe2.InnerText = attributeNewValue;//则修改
32                                     break;//找到退出来就可以了
33                                 }
34                             }
35                         }
36                     }
37                 }
38                 SaveXml(path);
39             }
40             catch (Exception)
41             {
42 
43                 throw;
44             }
45         }

 1 /// <summary>
 2         /// 修改节点属性值操作
 3         /// </summary>
 4         /// <param name="path">xml文件路径</param>
 5         /// <param name="rootNode">根节点名称，如：bookstore</param>
 6         /// <param name="attributeName">节点属性名</param>
 7         /// <param name="attributeOldValue">节点属性原来值</param>
 8         /// <param name="attributeNewValue">节点属性修改后的值</param>
 9         public void UpdateNodeAttribute(string path, string rootNode, string attributeName, string attributeOldValue, string attributeNewValue)
10         {
11             try
12             {
13                 XmlNodeList nodeList = XmlDoc.SelectSingleNode(rootNode).ChildNodes;//获取根节点的所有子节点
14                 foreach (XmlNode xn in nodeList)//遍历所有子节点
15                 {
16                     XmlElement xe = (XmlElement)xn;//将子节点类型专程xmlelement类型
17                     if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(attributeName) || string.IsNullOrEmpty(attributeOldValue))
18                     {
19                         return;
20                     }
21                     else
22                     {
23                         if (xe.GetAttribute(attributeName) == attributeOldValue)
24                         {
25                             xe.SetAttribute(attributeName, attributeNewValue);
26                         }
27                     }
28                 }
29                 SaveXml(path);
30             }
31             catch (Exception)
32             {
33 
34                 throw;
35             }
36         }

 1 /// <summary>
 2         /// 插入节点操作
 3         /// </summary>
 4         /// <param name="path">xml文件路径</param>
 5         /// <param name="rootNode">根节点名称，如：bookstore</param>
 6         /// <param name="node">节点名称，如：book</param>
 7         /// <param name="nodeAttributes">节点的属性-属性值集合</param>
 8         /// <param name="childAttributes">节点子节点名称-内容</param>
 9         public void InsertNode(string path, string rootNode, string node, Dictionary<string, string> nodeAttributes, Dictionary<string, string> childAttributes)
10         {
11             try
12             {
13                 XmlNode root = XmlDoc.SelectSingleNode(rootNode);//找到根节点bookstore
14                 XmlElement xe1 = XmlDoc.CreateElement(node);//创建子节点book
15                 if (nodeAttributes != null && nodeAttributes.Count > 0)
16                 {
17                     foreach (var n in nodeAttributes)
18                     {
19                         xe1.SetAttribute(n.Key, n.Value);
20                     }
21                 }
22                 if (childAttributes != null && childAttributes.Count > 0)
23                 {
24                     XmlElement xesub1;
25                     foreach (var n in childAttributes)
26                     {
27                         xesub1 = XmlDoc.CreateElement(n.Key);
28                         xesub1.InnerText = n.Value;
29                         xe1.AppendChild(xesub1);//添加到<book>节点中
30                     }
31                 }
32                 root.AppendChild(xe1);
33                 SaveXml(path);
34             }
35             catch (Exception)
36             {
37 
38                 throw;
39             }
40         }

调用：

 1  string path = Server.MapPath("Books.xml");
 2             XmlHelper xHelper = new XmlHelper(path);
 3             /*插入*/
 4             //Dictionary<string, string> dc1 = new Dictionary<string, string>();
 5             //dc1.Add("genre", "李赞红");
 6             //dc1.Add("ISBN", "2-3631-4");
 7             //Dictionary<strin插入g, string> dc2 = new Dictionary<string, string>();
 8             //dc2.Add("title", "CS从入门到精通");
 9             //dc2.Add("author", "候捷");
10             //dc2.Add("price", "58.3");
11             //xHelper.InsertNode(path, "bookstore", "book", dc1, dc2);
12 
13             /*修改*/
14             //xHelper.UpdateNodeAttribute(path, "bookstore", "genre", "李赞红", "李");
15             //xHelper.UpdateChildNodeAttribute(path, "bookstore", "title", "CS从入门到精通", "cs");
16 
17             /*删除节点*/
18             //xHelper.DeleteNode(path, "bookstore", "genre", "李");
19 
20             //Response.Write(xHelper.GetNodeAttribute(path, "bookstore", "genre"));
21             //Response.Write(xHelper.GetNodeChildAttribute(path, "bookstore", "price"));

4、通过xml数据绑定

xml转DataTable

 1  public DataTable XmlToData(string path, string rootNode, params string[] columns)
 2         {
 3             DataTable dt = new DataTable();
 4             XmlNodeList xn = XmlDoc.SelectSingleNode(rootNode).ChildNodes;
 5             try
 6             {
 7                 if (columns.Length > 0)
 8                 {
 9                     DataColumn dc;
10                     for (int i = 0; i < columns.Length; i++)
11                     {
12                         dc = new DataColumn(columns[i]);
13                         dt.Columns.Add(dc);
14                     }
15                     foreach (XmlNode xnf in xn)
16                     {
17                         XmlElement xe = (XmlElement)xnf;
18                         XmlNodeList xnf1 = xe.ChildNodes;
19                         int i = 0;
20                         DataRow dr = dt.NewRow();
21                         foreach (XmlNode xn2 in xnf1)
22                         {
23                             dr[i] = xn2.InnerText;
24                             i++;
25                         }
26                         dt.Rows.Add(dr);
27                     }
28                 }
29             }
30             catch (Exception)
31             {
32 
33                 throw;
34             }
35             return dt;
36 
37         }

调用：

1  //string[] arr = { "title", "author", "price" };
2             //GridView1.DataSource = xHelper.XmlToData(path, "bookstore", arr);
3             //GridView1.DataBind();

DataTable转xml

 1  /*datatable转xml*/
 2         public  string DataTableToXml(DataTable dt)
 3         {
 4             if (dt != null)
 5             {
 6                 MemoryStream ms = null;
 7                 XmlTextWriter XmlWt = null;
 8                 try
 9                 {
10                     ms = new MemoryStream();
11                     //根据ms实例化XmlWt
12                     XmlWt = new XmlTextWriter(ms, Encoding.Unicode);
13                     //获取ds中的数据
14                     dt.WriteXml(XmlWt);
15                     int count = (int)ms.Length;
16                     byte[] temp = new byte[count];
17                     ms.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);
18                     ms.Read(temp, 0, count);
19                     //返回Unicode编码的文本
20                     UnicodeEncoding ucode = new UnicodeEncoding();
21                     string returnValue = ucode.GetString(temp).Trim();
22                     return returnValue;
23                 }
24                 catch (System.Exception ex)
25                 {
26                     throw ex;
27                 }
28                 finally
29                 {
30                     //释放资源
31                     if (XmlWt != null)
32                     {
33                         XmlWt.Close();
34                         ms.Close();
35                         ms.Dispose();
36                     }
37                 }
38             }
39             else
40             {
41                 return "";
42             }
43         }

调用：

1  //bool s = xHelper.CDataToXmlFile(xHelper.XmlToData(path, "bookstore", arr), "Bookss.xml","book");

5、xml序列化反序列化

1  [Serializable]
2     public class Person
3     {
4         public string Name { get; set; }
5         public int Age { get; set; }
6     }

 1 public class CXmlSerializer<T> where T : new()
 2     {
 3         private static XmlSerializer _Serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(T));
 4 
 5         public static string Serialize(T t)
 6         {
 7             string s = "";
 8             using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream())
 9             {
10                 _Serializer.Serialize(ms, t);
11                 s = System.Text.UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetString(ms.ToArray());
12             }
13             return s;
14         }
15 
16         public static T Deserialize(string s)
17         {
18             T t;
19             using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(s)))
20             {
21                 t = (T)_Serializer.Deserialize(ms);
22             }
23             return t;
24         }
25     }

调用：

1 List<Person> list = new List<Person> { new Person { Name = "Xuj", Age = 20 }, new Person { Name = "duj", Age = 20 }, new Person { Name = "fuj", Age = 20 } };
2             string s = CXmlSerializer<List<Person>>.Serialize(list);