?????? Java Map遍历方式的选择???? 转自http://www.cnblogs.com/fczjuever/archive/2013/04/07/3005997.html
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对于Java中Map的遍历方式,很多文章都推荐使用entrySet,认为其比keySet的效率高很多。理由是:entrySet方法一次拿到所有key和value的集合;而keySet拿到的只是key的集合,针对每个key,都要去Map中额外查找一次value,从而降低了总体效率。那么实际情况如何呢?
为了解遍历性能的真实差距,包括在遍历key+value、遍历key、遍历value等不同场景下的差异,我试着进行了一些对比测试。
一开始只进行了简单的测试,但结果却表明keySet的性能更好,这一点让我很是费解,不都说entrySet明显好于keySet吗?为了进一步地进行验证,于是采用了不同的测试数据进行更详细的对比测试。
Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
String key, value;
for (i = 1; i <= num; i++) {
??? key = "" + i;
??? value = "value";
??? map.put(key, value);
}
Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
String key, value;
for (i = 1; i <= num; i++) {
??? key = "" + (i * 50);
??? value = "value";
??? map.put(key, value);
}
2.1.2 TreeMap测试数据
Map<String, String> map = new TreeMap<String, String>();
String key, value;
for (i = 1; i <= num; i++) {
??? key = "" + i;
??? value = "value";
??? map.put(key, value);
}
Map<String, String> map = new TreeMap<String, String>();
String key, value;
for (i = 1; i <= num; i++) {
??? key = "" + (i * 50);
??? value = "value";
??? map.put(key, value);
}
2.2 测试场景
分别使用keySet、entrySet和values的多种写法测试三种场景:遍历key+value、遍历key、遍历value的场景。
Iterator<String> iter = map.keySet().iterator();
while (iter.hasNext()) {
??? key = iter.next();
??? value = map.get(key);
}
for (String key : map.keySet()) {
??? value = map.get(key);
}
Iterator<Entry<String, String>> iter = map.entrySet().iterator();
Entry<String, String> entry;
while (iter.hasNext()) {
??? entry = iter.next();
??? key = entry.getKey();
??? value = entry.getValue();
}
for (Entry<String, String> entry: map.entrySet()) {
??? key = entry.getKey();
??? value = entry.getValue();
}
Iterator<String> iter = map.keySet().iterator();
while (iter.hasNext()) {
??? key = iter.next();
}
for (String key : map.keySet()) {
}
Iterator<Entry<String, String>> iter = map.entrySet().iterator();
while (iter.hasNext()) {
??? key = iter.next().getKey();
}
for (Entry<String, String> entry: map.entrySet()) {
??? key = entry.getKey();
}
2.2.3 遍历value
Iterator<String> iter = map.keySet().iterator();
while (iter.hasNext()) {
??? value = map.get(iter.next());
}
for (String key : map.keySet()) {
??? value = map.get(key);
}
Iterator<Entry<String, String>> iter = map.entrySet().iterator();
while (iter.hasNext()) {
value = iter.next().getValue();
}
for (Entry<String, String> entry: map.entrySet()) {
??? value = entry.getValue();
}
Iterator<String> iter = map.values().iterator();
while (iter.hasNext()) {
value = iter.next();
}
for (String value : map.values()) {
}
2.3 测试结果
单位:毫秒
HashMap-1
HashMap-2
keySet遍历key+value(写法1)
39
93
keySet遍历key+value(写法2)
38
87
entrySet遍历key+value(写法1)
43
86
entrySet遍历key+value(写法2)
43
85
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单位:毫秒
HashMap-1
HashMap-2
keySet遍历key(写法1)
27
65
keySet遍历key(写法2)
26
64
entrySet遍历key(写法1)
35
75
entrySet遍历key(写法2)
34
74
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单位:毫秒
HashMap-1
HashMap-2
keySet遍历value(写法1)
38
87
keySet遍历value(写法2)
37
87
entrySet遍历value(写法1)
34
61
entrySet遍历value(写法2)
32
62
values遍历value(写法1)
26
48
values遍历value(写法2)
26
48
2.3.2 TreeMap测试结果
单位:毫秒
TreeMap-1
TreeMap-2
keySet遍历key+value(写法1)
430
451
keySet遍历key+value(写法2)
429
450
entrySet遍历key+value(写法1)
77
84
entrySet遍历key+value(写法2)
70
68
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单位:毫秒
TreeMap-1
TreeMap-2
keySet遍历key(写法1)
50
49
keySet遍历key(写法2)
49
48
entrySet遍历key(写法1)
66
64
entrySet遍历key(写法2)
65
63
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单位:毫秒
TreeMap-1
TreeMap-2
keySet遍历value(写法1)
432
448
keySet遍历value(写法2)
430
448
entrySet遍历value(写法1)
62
61
entrySet遍历value(写法2)
62
61
values遍历value(写法1)
46
46
values遍历value(写法2)
45
46
3. 结论
for (String key : map.keySet()) {
??? value = map.get(key);
}
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for (Entry<String, String> entry: map.entrySet()) {
??? key = entry.getKey();
??? value = entry.getValue();
}
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for (String value : map.values()) {
}
3.2 如果你使用TreeMap
for (String key : map.keySet()) {
??? value = map.get(key);
}
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for (Entry<String, String> entry: map.entrySet()) {
??? key = entry.getKey();
??? value = entry.getValue();
}
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for (String value : map.values()) {
}
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