在iOS开发中不可避免的会用到一些第三方类库,它们提供了很多实用的功能,使我们的开发变得更有效率;同时,也可以从它们的源代码中学习到很多有用的东西。
用来检查网络连接是否可用:包括WIFI和WWAN(3G/EDGE/CDMA等)两种工作模式。
可以从Apple网站下载到:http://developer.apple.com/library/ios/#samplecode/Reachability/History/History.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/DTS40007324-RevisionHistory-DontLinkElementID_1。
现在有更好的替代品:https://github.com/tonymillion/Reachability,比Apple提供的兼容性更好,而且更加好用,更具体的使用方法请看它提供的例子。
class="brush: cpp; auto-links: true; collapse: false; first-line: 1; gutter: true; html-script: true; light: false; ruler: false; smart-tabs: true; tab-size: 2; toolbar: true;">Reachability* reach = [Reachability reachabilityWithHostname:@"www.google.com"]; reach.reachableBlock = ^(Reachability*reach) { NSLog(@"网络可用!"); }; reach.unreachableBlock = ^(Reachability*reach) { NSLog(@"网络不可用!"); }; // 开始监听 [reach startNotifier];
ASIHTTPRequest是对CFNetwork API的一个包装,它提供了一套更加简洁的API,使用起来也更加简单。
官方网站:http://allseeing-i.com/ASIHTTPRequest/
GitHub:https://github.com/pokeb/asi-http-request
它不仅仅支持基本的HTTP请求,而且支持基于REST的服务(GET/POST/PUT/DELETE)。
最让人喜欢的是,它支持block语法:
NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://allseeing-i.com"]; __block ASIHTTPRequest *request = [ASIHTTPRequest requestWithURL:url]; [request setCompletionBlock:^{ // Use when fetching text data NSString *responseString = [request responseString]; // Use when fetching binary data NSData *responseData = [request responseData]; }]; [request setFailedBlock:^{ NSError *error = [request error]; }]; [request startAsynchronous];
它的ASIFormDataRequest子类可以横容易的提交表单数据和文件:
ASIFormDataRequest *request = [ASIFormDataRequest requestWithURL:url]; [request setPostValue:@"Ben" forKey:@"first_name"]; [request setPostValue:@"Copsey" forKey:@"last_name"]; // Upload a file on disk [request setFile:@"/Users/ben/Desktop/ben.jpg" withFileName:@"myphoto.jpg" andContentType:@"image/jpeg" forKey:@"photo"]; // Upload an NSData instance [request setData:imageData withFileName:@"myphoto.jpg" andContentType:@"image/jpeg" forKey:@"photo"];
详细的使用方法请下载相应的源代码及例子,或者从官方的使用说明http://allseeing-i.com/ASIHTTPRequest/How-to-use开始。
支持各种状态加载的提示效果,以及带进度的提示效果。
GitHub:https://github.com/matej/MBProgressHUD
一般会在.m文件实现MBProgressHUDDelegate协议,并声明HUD变量:
@interface SampleViewController ()<MBProgressHUDDelegate> { MBProgressHUD *HUD; } #pragma mark - #pragma mark MBProgressHUDDelegate methods - (void)hudWasHidden:(MBProgressHUD *)hud { // Remove HUD from screen when the HUD was hidded [HUD removeFromSuperview]; HUD = nil; }
在执行某个异步请求时开始调用:
HUD = [MBProgressHUD showHUDAddedTo:self.webView animated:YES]; HUD.labelText = @"正在请求..."; // mode参数可以控制显示的模式 //HUD.mode = MBProgressHUDModeText; HUD.delegate = self;
请求完成时隐藏提示效果:
[HUD hide:YES];
对于同步方法一般都是用showWhileExecuting方法,方法执行完成之后会自动隐藏提示效果:
[HUD showWhileExecuting:@selector(myTask) onTarget:self withObject:nil animated:YES];
GitHub:https://github.com/samvermette/SVProgressHUD
SVProgressHUD和MBProgressHUD效果差不多,不过不需要使用协议,同时也不需要声明实例。
直接通过类方法进行调用即可:
[SVProgressHUD method]
可以使用以下方法来显示状态:
+ (void)show; + (void)showWithMaskType:(SVProgressHUDMaskType)maskType; + (void)showWithStatus:(NSString*)string; + (void)showWithStatus:(NSString*)string maskType:(SVProgressHUDMaskType)maskType;
如果需要明确的进度,则使用以下方法:
+ (void)showProgress:(CGFloat)progress; + (void)showProgress:(CGFloat)progress status:(NSString*)status; + (void)showProgress:(CGFloat)progress status:(NSString*)status maskType:(SVProgressHUDMaskType)maskType;
通过dismiss方法来隐藏提示:
+ (void)dismiss;
另外提供了以下方法用于显示状态,并在1秒后自动隐藏提示(使用的图标来源于Glyphish:http://www.glyphish.com/):
+ (void)showSuccessWithStatus:(NSString*)string; + (void)showErrorWithStatus:(NSString *)string; + (void)showImage:(UIImage*)image status:(NSString*)string; // use 28x28 white pngs
GitHub:https://github.com/zacaltman/ZAActivityBar
ZAActivityBar和SVProgressHUD非常相似,它提供了更加简洁的API来显示提示效果。
ZAActivityBar使用的动画效果来源于ZKBounceAnimation(https://github.com/khanlou/SKBounceAnimation),成功、失败的状态图标来源于Pictos(http://pictos.cc/)。
显示加载状态:
[ZAActivityBar showWithStatus:@"加载中..."];
显示成功、失败状态:
[ZAActivityBar showSuccessWithStatus:@"成功!"]; [ZAActivityBar showErrorWithStatus:@"失败!"];
隐藏提示:
[ZAActivityBar dismiss];
官方: http://sbjson.org/
GitHub:https://github.com/stig/json-framework
API使用起来稍显繁琐,特别是初始化的时候:
@interface TestViewController ()<SBJsonStreamParserAdapterDelegate> { SBJsonStreamParser *parser; SBJsonStreamParserAdapter *adapter; } // 冗长的初始化方法足以吓到一大片人 - (void)initSBJSON { // We don't want *all* the individual messages from the // SBJsonStreamParser, just the top-level objects. The stream // parser adapter exists for this purpose. adapter = [[SBJsonStreamParserAdapter alloc] init]; // Set ourselves as the delegate, so we receive the messages // from the adapter. adapter.delegate = self; // Create a new stream parser.. parser = [[SBJsonStreamParser alloc] init]; // .. and set our adapter as its delegate. parser.delegate = adapter; // Normally it's an error if JSON is followed by anything but // whitespace. Setting this means that the parser will be // expecting the stream to contain multiple whitespace-separated // JSON documents. parser.supportMultipleDocuments = YES; } #pragma mark SBJsonStreamParserAdapterDelegate methods - (void)parser:(SBJsonStreamParser *)parser foundArray:(NSArray *)array { [NSException raise:@"unexpected" format:@"Should not get here"]; } - (void)parser:(SBJsonStreamParser *)parser foundObject:(NSDictionary *)dict { NSLog(@"SBJson parser foundObject"); // 处理返回的数据 } // 使用ASIHTTPRequest请求测试 - (void) loadData { __block ASIHTTPRequest *request = [ASIHTTPRequest requestWithURL:url]; [request setRequestMethod:@"POST"]; [request setCompletionBlock:^{ // Use when fetching text data //NSString *responseString = [request responseString]; // Use when fetching binary data NSData *responseData = [request responseData]; NSLog(@"Connection didReceiveData of length: %u", responseData.length); // Parse the new chunk of data. The parser will append it to // its internal buffer, then parse from where it left off in // the last chunk. SBJsonStreamParserStatus status = [parser parse:responseData]; if (status == SBJsonStreamParserError) { NSLog(@"Parser error: %@", parser.error); } else if (status == SBJsonStreamParserWaitingForData) { NSLog(@"Parser waiting for more data"); } }]; [request setFailedBlock:^{ NSError *error = [request error]; NSLog(@"failed - %@ %@", [error localizedDescription], error); }]; [request startAsynchronous]; }
GitHub:https://github.com/johnezang/JSONKit
提供比SBJson更优异的性能以及更加简便的使用方法,但是中文最好使用utf-8格式(\uXXXX),否则容易造成乱码。
API调用起来非常简单,省去了SBJson那么一大堆的方法:
JSONDecoder* decoder = [[JSONDecoder alloc] initWithParseOptions:JKParseOptionNone]; id result = [decoder objectWithData:jsonData];
详细的使用方法请看它的GitHub主页。
SDWebImage用于异步下载网络上的图片,并支持对图片的缓存等。
多数情况下是使用UIImageView+WebCache为UIImageView异步加载图片:
#import <SDWebImage/UIImageView+WebCache.h> // ... [cell.imageView setImageWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://www.domain.com/path/to/image.jpg"] placeholderImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"placeholder.png"]];
需要注意的是,pladeholderImage的大小一定要大于UIImageView的大小,否则可能不显示placeholderImage图片。
它还支持block语法用于在加载完成时做一些操作:
[cell.imageView setImageWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://www.domain.com/path/to/image.jpg"] placeholderImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"placeholder.png"] completed:^(UIImage *image, NSError *error, SDImageCacheType cacheType) {... completion code here ...}];
SDWebImage并不局限于UIImageView上,使用SDWebImageManager完成更多的操作:
SDWebImageManager *manager = [SDWebImageManager sharedManager]; [manager downloadWithURL:imageURL options:0 progress:^(NSUInteger receivedSize, long long expectedSize) { // 下载进度 } completed:^(UIImage *image, NSError *error, SDImageCacheType cacheType) { if (image) { // 下载完成 } }];
或者使用Image Downloader也是一样的效果:
[SDWebImageDownloader.sharedDownloader downloadImageWithURL:imageURL options:0 progress:^(NSUInteger receivedSize, long long expectedSize) { // 进度 } completed:^(UIImage *image, NSData *data, NSError *error, BOOL finished) { if (image && finished) { // 下载完成 } }];
GitHub:https://github.com/JJSaccolo/UIActivityIndicator-for-SDWebImage
用于为SDWebImage在UIImageView加载图片时,显示加载效果(UIActivityIndicatorView实现),它提供以下方法:
- (void)setImageWithURL:(NSURL *)url usingActivityIndicatorStyle:(UIActivityIndicatorViewStyle)activityStyle; - (void)setImageWithURL:(NSURL *)url placeholderImage:(UIImage *)placeholder usingActivityIndicatorStyle:(UIActivityIndicatorViewStyle)activityStyle; - (void)setImageWithURL:(NSURL *)url placeholderImage:(UIImage *)placeholder options:(SDWebImageOptions)options usingActivityIndicatorStyle:(UIActivityIndicatorViewStyle)activityStyle; - (void)setImageWithURL:(NSURL *)url completed:(SDWebImageCompletedBlock)completedBlock usingActivityIndicatorStyle:(UIActivityIndicatorViewStyle)activityStyle; - (void)setImageWithURL:(NSURL *)url placeholderImage:(UIImage *)placeholder completed:(SDWebImageCompletedBlock)completedBlock usingActivityIndicatorStyle:(UIActivityIndicatorViewStyle)activityStyle; - (void)setImageWithURL:(NSURL *)url placeholderImage:(UIImage *)placeholder options:(SDWebImageOptions)options completed:(SDWebImageCompletedBlock)completedBlock usingActivityIndicatorStyle:(UIActivityIndicatorViewStyle)activityStyle; - (void)setImageWithURL:(NSURL *)url placeholderImage:(UIImage *)placeholder options:(SDWebImageOptions)options progress:(SDWebImageDownloaderProgressBlock)progressBlock completed:(SDWebImageCompletedBlock)completedBlock usingActivityIndicatorStyle:(UIActivityIndicatorViewStyle)activityStyle;
GitHub:https://github.com/coryalder/UIImage_Resize
提供多种方法为图片设置透明度、圆角、裁剪、调整大小等:
- (UIImage *)imageWithAlpha; - (UIImage *)transparentBorderImage:(NSUInteger)borderSize; - (UIImage *)roundedCornerImage:(NSInteger)cornerSize borderSize:(NSInteger)borderSize; - (UIImage *)croppedImage:(CGRect)bounds; - (UIImage *)thumbnailImage:(NSInteger)thumbnailSize transparentBorder:(NSUInteger)borderSize cornerRadius:(NSUInteger)cornerRadius interpolationQuality:(CGInterpolationQuality)quality; - (UIImage *)resizedImage:(CGSize)newSize interpolationQuality:(CGInterpolationQuality)quality; - (UIImage *) resizedImageWithContentMode:(UIViewContentMode)contentMode bounds:(CGSize)bounds interpolationQuality:(CGInterpolationQuality)quality;
更详细使用见:http://vocaro.com/trevor/blog/2009/10/12/resize-a-uiimage-the-right-way/
GitHub:https://github.com/toptierlabs/ImageCacheResize
整合了SDWebImage和UIImage+Resize的功能,用于图片的异步加载、缓存、以及下载完成后调整大小并显示在UIImageView上。
提供了以下API用于加载图片以及加载完成后调整图片大小:
- (void)setImageWithURL:(NSURL *)url andCropToBounds:(CGRect)bounds; - (void)setImageWithURL:(NSURL *)url andResize:(CGSize)size withContentMode:(UIViewContentMode)mode; - (void)setImageWithURL:(NSURL *)url placeholderImage:(UIImage *)placeholder andCropToBounds:(CGRect)bounds; - (void)setImageWithURL:(NSURL *)url placeholderImage:(UIImage *)placeholder options:(SDWebImageOptions)options andResize:(CGSize)size; - (void)setImageWithURL:(NSURL *)url placeholderImage:(UIImage *)placeholder options:(SDWebImageOptions)options andResize:(CGSize)size withContentMode:(UIViewContentMode)mode; - (void)setImageWithURL:(NSURL *)url placeholderImage:(UIImage *)placeholder options:(SDWebImageOptions)options andCropToBounds:(CGRect)bounds;
使用方法和SDWebImage一样简单,如以下官方例子:
[imageview setImageWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://t0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQfraHpiabjEY8iDdBe9OUQYHMtwfuAv9ZRR0RYKuoVF_EpE8Fp5A"] andResize:CGSizeMake(30, 30) withContentMode:UIViewContentModeScaleAspectFit]; // 按比例缩放 [imageview setImageWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://t0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQfraHpiabjEY8iDdBe9OUQYHMtwfuAv9ZRR0RYKuoVF_EpE8Fp5A"] andCropToBounds:CGRectMake(0, 0, 100, 100)]; // 裁剪成100x100大小
GitHub:https://github.com/enormego/EGOTableViewPullRefresh
这是最早出现的为UITableView提供下拉刷新功能的类库,使用起来稍显麻烦,需要实现诸多协议(代码取自官方DEMO):
#import "EGORefreshTableHeaderView.h" @interface RootViewController : UITableViewController <EGORefreshTableHeaderDelegate, UITableViewDelegate, UITableViewDataSource>{ EGORefreshTableHeaderView *_refreshHeaderView; // 是否正在加载中 BOOL _reloading; } - (void)viewDidLoad { [super viewDidLoad]; if (_refreshHeaderView == nil) { EGORefreshTableHeaderView *view = [[EGORefreshTableHeaderView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0.0f, 0.0f - self.tableView.bounds.size.height, self.view.frame.size.width, self.tableView.bounds.size.height)]; view.delegate = self; [self.tableView addSubview:view]; _refreshHeaderView = view; [view release]; } // 更新最后加载时间 [_refreshHeaderView refreshLastUpdatedDate]; } #pragma mark - #pragma mark Data Source Loading / Reloading Methods - (void)reloadTableViewDataSource{ // 在这里加入代码用于获取数据 _reloading = YES; } - (void)doneLoadingTableViewData{ // 数据加载完成时调用这个方法 _reloading = NO; [_refreshHeaderView egoRefreshScrollViewDataSourceDidFinishedLoading:self.tableView]; } #pragma mark - #pragma mark UIScrollViewDelegate Methods - (void)scrollViewDidScroll:(UIScrollView *)scrollView{ [_refreshHeaderView egoRefreshScrollViewDidScroll:scrollView]; } - (void)scrollViewDidEndDragging:(UIScrollView *)scrollView willDecelerate:(BOOL)decelerate{ [_refreshHeaderView egoRefreshScrollViewDidEndDragging:scrollView]; } #pragma mark - #pragma mark EGORefreshTableHeaderDelegate Methods - (void)egoRefreshTableHeaderDidTriggerRefresh:(EGORefreshTableHeaderView*)view{ [self reloadTableViewDataSource]; [self performSelector:@selector(doneLoadingTableViewData) withObject:nil afterDelay:3.0]; } - (BOOL)egoRefreshTableHeaderDataSourceIsLoading:(EGORefreshTableHeaderView*)view{ return _reloading; // should return if data source model is reloading } - (NSDate*)egoRefreshTableHeaderDataSourceLastUpdated:(EGORefreshTableHeaderView*)view{ return [NSDate date]; // should return date data source was last changed }
GitHub:https://github.com/leah/PullToRefresh
PullToRefresh提供比EGOTableViewPullRefresh更加简单的使用方法,只要继承自PullRefreshTableViewController,再实现refresh方法即可:
- (void)refresh { // 加载数据 [self.tableView reloadData]; // 重新载入UITableView [self stopLoading]; //停止动画 }
GitHub:https://github.com/shiki/STableViewController
STableViewController比PullToRefresh多了一个上拉加载更多功能,使用上也差不多简单,需要继承自STableViewController,再实现一些方法:
- (void) viewDidLoad { [super viewDidLoad]; self.title = @"STableViewController Demo"; [self.tableView setBackgroundColor:[UIColor lightGrayColor]]; // 需要创建两个自定义视图用于显示"下拉刷新"、"上拉加载更多" self.headerView = headerView; self.footerView = footerView; } #pragma mark - Pull to Refresh - (void) pinHeaderView { [super pinHeaderView]; // 下拉刷新视图显示一些加载动画 } - (void) unpinHeaderView { [super unpinHeaderView]; // 下拉刷新视图停止动画 } - (void) headerViewDidScroll:(BOOL)willRefreshOnRelease scrollView:(UIScrollView *)scrollView { // 下拉刷新视图显示状态信息 if (willRefreshOnRelease) //hv.title.text = @"松开后刷新..."; else //hv.title.text = @"下拉刷新..."; } - (BOOL) refresh { if (![super refresh]) return NO; // 下拉刷新加载数据 [self performSelector:@selector(addItemsOnTop) withObject:nil afterDelay:2.0]; return YES; } #pragma mark - Load More - (void) willBeginLoadingMore { // 上拉加载更多视图加载动画 } - (void) loadMoreCompleted { [super loadMoreCompleted]; // 上拉加载更多视图停止动画 if (!self.canLoadMore) { //没有更多数据的时候执行代码... } } - (BOOL) loadMore { if (![super loadMore]) return NO; // 上拉加载更多数据 [self performSelector:@selector(addItemsOnBottom) withObject:nil afterDelay:2.0]; return YES; } // - (void) addItemsOnTop { // 加载数据... [self.tableView reloadData]; // 数据加载完成通知上拉视图 [self refreshCompleted]; } - (void) addItemsOnBottom { // 加载更多数据... [self.tableView reloadData]; // 通过判断设置是否可以加载更多 //self.canLoadMore = NO; // 数据加载完成通知下拉视图 [self loadMoreCompleted]; }
GitHub:https://github.com/samvermette/SVPullToRefresh
包含SVPullToRefresh + SVInfiniteScrolling为UITableView提供下拉刷新、上拉加载更多功能。
使用起来也相当简单,只要在UITableViewController里实现以下方法:
- (void)viewDidLoad { [super viewDidLoad]; __weak SVViewController *weakSelf = self; // 设置下拉刷新 [self.tableView addPullToRefreshWithActionHandler:^{ [weakSelf insertRowAtTop]; }]; // 设置上拉加载更多 [self.tableView addInfiniteScrollingWithActionHandler:^{ [weakSelf insertRowAtBottom]; }]; } - (void)viewDidAppear:(BOOL)animated { [tableView triggerPullToRefresh]; } - (void)insertRowAtTop { // 获取数据.... // 停止动画 [self.tableView.pullToRefreshView stopAnimating]; } - (void)insertRowAtBottom { // 获取数据.... // 停止动画 [weakSelf.tableView.infiniteScrollingView stopAnimating]; }
GitHub:https://github.com/chrismiles/CMPopTipView
CMPopTipView用于在一些视图上显示提示信息:
self.tipView = [[CMPopTipView alloc] initWithMessage:@"提示消息"]; self.tipView.delegate = self; [self.tipView presentPointingAtView:anyButton inView:self.view animated:YES]; // 点击按钮显示 [self.tipView presentPointingAtBarButtonItem:barButtonItem animated:YES]; // 点击导航栏按钮显示 #pragma mark CMPopTipViewDelegate methods - (void)popTipViewWasDismissedByUser:(CMPopTipView *)popTipView { // 清理资源 self.tipView = nil; }
GitHub:https://github.com/vicpenap/PrettyKit
定制了一些UI组件如UITableViewCell、UINavigationBar、UITabBar、UIToolBar等,比系统自带的更加美观。
GitHub:https://github.com/sobri909/MGBox2
提供一些定制的UI组件可以更简单快速的创建表格、网格布局,以及丰富的文本呈现,基于block的事件机制等,包含:MGBox、MGTableBox、MGTableBoxStyled、MGScrollView、MGButton、MGEvents、MGEasyFrame、MGLine等,其中MGBox还支持screenshot方法用于截图。
GitHub:https://github.com/jverkoey/nimbus
著名的框架,提供了一套非常丰富的UI组件,可以使开发变得更加简单、有效率。
GitHub:https://github.com/Grouper/FlatUIKit
扁平化设计的UI组件,类似于WP或者iOS7的风格。
GitHub:https://github.com/muccy/MUKMediaGallery
媒体库效果,支持图片、视频及音频。
GitHub:https://github.com/exalted/PTShowcaseViewController
同样是一个媒体库效果,支持的格式更多,包括:图片、视频、PDF等.
GitHub:https://github.com/mwaterfall/MWPhotoBrowser
图片展示效果,支持本地及远程的图片,使用也比较简单,只要实现MWPhotoBrowserDelegate协议:
@interface TestViewController ()<MWPhotoBrowserDelegate> { NSArray *_photos; } -(void) doAction { NSMutableArray *photos = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init]; for (...) { MWPhoto* photo = [MWPhoto photoWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:url]]; // 设置图片地址 photo.caption = description; // 设置描述 [photos addObject:photo]; } _photos = photos; MWPhotoBrowser *browser = [[MWPhotoBrowser alloc] initWithDelegate:self]; browser.displayActionButton = YES; UINavigationController *nc = [[UINavigationController alloc] initWithRootViewController:browser]; nc.modalTransitionStyle = UIModalTransitionStyleCrossDissolve; [self presentModalViewController:nc animated:YES]; } #pragma mark - MWPhotoBrowserDelegate - (NSUInteger)numberOfPhotosInPhotoBrowser:(MWPhotoBrowser *)photoBrowser { return _photos.count; } - (MWPhoto *)photoBrowser:(MWPhotoBrowser *)photoBrowser photoAtIndex:(NSUInteger)index { if (index < _photos.count) return [_photos objectAtIndex:index]; return nil; }
GitHub:https://github.com/esilverberg/ios-image-filters
提供多种图片滤镜效果。
GitHub:https://github.com/vfr/Reader
PDF阅读器核心。
GitHub:https://github.com/Cocoanetics/DTCoreText
支持富文本的显示如HTML。
GitHub:https://github.com/FuerteInternational/FTCoreText
富文本视图
GitHub:https://github.com/akosma/CoreTextWrapper
支持多列的文本视图
GitHub:https://github.com/nicklockwood/Base64
提供对字符串的Base64编码
GitHub:https://github.com/rnapier/RNCryptor
提供AES加密方法