JAVA之Excel_JAVA_编程开发_程序员俱乐部

jxl.jar 包?
API地址:?
http://www.andykhan.com/jexcelapi/?
下载地址:?
http://www.andykhan.com/jexcelapi/download.html?

网站上对它的特征有如下描述：?
● 支持Excel 95-2000的所有版本?
● 生成Excel 2000标准格式?
● 支持字体、数字、日期操作?
● 能够修饰单元格属性?
● 支持图像和图表?
应该说以上功能已经能够大致满足我们的需要。最关键的是这套API是纯Java的，并不依赖Windows系统，即使运行在Linux下，它同样能够正确的处理Excel文件。另外需要说明的是，这套API对图形和图表的支持很有限，而且仅仅识别PNG格式。?
搭建环境?
将下载后的文件解包，得到jxl.jar，放入classpath，安装就完成了。?

基本操作?

一、创建文件?
拟生成一个名为“测试数据.xls”的Excel文件，其中第一个工作表被命名为“第一页”，大致效果如下：?

Java代码?

1. /*??
2. ?*?Created?on?Dec?30,?2007??
3. ?*??
4. ?*?To?change?the?template?for?this?generated?file?go?to??
5. ?*?Window>Preferences>Java>Code?Generation>Code?and?Comments??
6. ?*/??
7. package?JExcelTest.standard; ??
8. ??
9. import?java.io.*;? ??
10. import?jxl.*;? ??
11. import?jxl.write.*;? ??
12. ??
13. /**??
14. ?*?@author?Ken??
15. ?*??
16. ?*?To?change?the?template?for?this?generated?type?comment?go?to??
17. ?*?Window>Preferences>Java>Code?Generation>Code?and?Comments??
18. ?*/??
19. public?class?CreateXLS?{ ??
20. ??
21. ????public?static?void?main(String[]?args)?{ ??
22. ????????try?{ ??
23. ????????????//open?file.???
24. ????????????WritableWorkbook?book?=?Workbook.createWorkbook(new?File("d:/Test.xls")); ??
25. ???????????? ??
26. ????????????//create?Sheet?named?"Sheet_1".?0?means?this?is?1st?page.???
27. ????????????WritableSheet?sheet?=?book.createSheet("Sheet_1",?0); ??
28. ???????????? ??
29. ????????????//define?cell?column?and?row?in?Label?Constructor,?and?cell?content?write?"test".???
30. ????????????//cell?is?1st-Column,1st-Row.?value?is?"test".???
31. ????????????Label?label?=?new?Label(0,?0,?"test"); ??
32. ????????????//add?defined?cell?above?to?sheet?instance.???
33. ????????????sheet.addCell(label); ??
34. ???????????? ??
35. ????????????//create?cell?using?add?numeric.?WARN:necessarily?use?integrated?package-path,?otherwise?will?be?throws?path-error.???
36. ????????????//cell?is?2nd-Column,?1st-Row.?value?is?789.123.???
37. ????????????jxl.write.Number?number?=?new?jxl.write.Number(1,?0,?789.123); ??
38. ????????????//add?defined?cell?above?to?sheet?instance.???
39. ????????????sheet.addCell(number); ??
40. ???????????? ??
41. ????????????//add?defined?all?cell?above?to?case.???
42. ????????????book.write(); ??
43. ????????????//close?file?case.???
44. ????????????book.close(); ??
45. ????????}?catch?(Exception?e)?{ ??
46. ????????????e.printStackTrace(); ??
47. ????????} ??
48. ????} ??
49. }??

Java代码?javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf" wmode="transparent">?

1. /*?
2. ?*?Created?on?Dec?30,?2007?
3. ?*?
4. ?*?To?change?the?template?for?this?generated?file?go?to?
5. ?*?Window>Preferences>Java>Code?Generation>Code?and?Comments?
6. ?*/??
7. package?JExcelTest.standard;??
8. ??
9. import?java.io.*;???
10. import?jxl.*;???
11. import?jxl.write.*;???
12. ??
13. /**?
14. ?*?@author?Ken?
15. ?*?
16. ?*?To?change?the?template?for?this?generated?type?comment?go?to?
17. ?*?Window>Preferences>Java>Code?Generation>Code?and?Comments?
18. ?*/??
19. public?class?CreateXLS?{??
20. ??
21. ????public?static?void?main(String[]?args)?{??
22. ????????try?{??
23. ????????????//open?file.??
24. ????????????WritableWorkbook?book?=?Workbook.createWorkbook(new?File("d:/Test.xls"));??
25. ??????????????
26. ????????????//create?Sheet?named?"Sheet_1".?0?means?this?is?1st?page.??
27. ????????????WritableSheet?sheet?=?book.createSheet("Sheet_1",?0);??
28. ??????????????
29. ????????????//define?cell?column?and?row?in?Label?Constructor,?and?cell?content?write?"test".??
30. ????????????//cell?is?1st-Column,1st-Row.?value?is?"test".??
31. ????????????Label?label?=?new?Label(0,?0,?"test");??
32. ????????????//add?defined?cell?above?to?sheet?instance.??
33. ????????????sheet.addCell(label);??
34. ??????????????
35. ????????????//create?cell?using?add?numeric.?WARN:necessarily?use?integrated?package-path,?otherwise?will?be?throws?path-error.??
36. ????????????//cell?is?2nd-Column,?1st-Row.?value?is?789.123.??
37. ????????????jxl.write.Number?number?=?new?jxl.write.Number(1,?0,?789.123);??
38. ????????????//add?defined?cell?above?to?sheet?instance.??
39. ????????????sheet.addCell(number);??
40. ??????????????
41. ????????????//add?defined?all?cell?above?to?case.??
42. ????????????book.write();??
43. ????????????//close?file?case.??
44. ????????????book.close();??
45. ????????}?catch?(Exception?e)?{??
46. ????????????e.printStackTrace();??
47. ????????}??
48. ????}??
49. }??

编译执行后，会在当前位置产生一个Excel文件。?

二、读取文件?
以刚才我们创建的Excel文件为例，做一个简单的读取操作，程序代码如下：?
Java代码?

1. /*??
2. ?*?Created?on?Dec?30,?2007??
3. ?*??
4. ?*?To?change?the?template?for?this?generated?file?go?to??
5. ?*?Window>Preferences>Java>Code?Generation>Code?and?Comments??
6. ?*/??
7. package?JExcelTest.standard; ??
8. ??
9. import?java.io.*; ??
10. import?jxl.*; ??
11. ??
12. /**??
13. ?*?@author?Ken??
14. ?*??
15. ?*?To?change?the?template?for?this?generated?type?comment?go?to??
16. ?*?Window>Preferences>Java>Code?Generation>Code?and?Comments??
17. ?*/??
18. public?class?ReadXLS?{ ??
19. ??
20. ????public?static?void?main(String[]?args)?{ ??
21. ????????try?{ ??
22. ????????????Workbook?book?=?Workbook.getWorkbook(new?File("d:/Test.xls")); ??
23. ????????????//get?a?Sheet?object.????
24. ????????????Sheet?sheet?=?book.getSheet(0); ??
25. ????????????//get?1st-Column,1st-Row?content.???
26. ????????????Cell?cell?=?sheet.getCell(0,?0); ??
27. ????????????String?result?=?cell.getContents(); ??
28. ????????????System.out.println(result); ??
29. ????????????book.close(); ??
30. ????????}?catch?(Exception?e)?{ ??
31. ????????????e.printStackTrace(); ??
32. ????????} ??
33. ??
34. ????} ??
35. }??

Java代码??

1. /*?
2. ?*?Created?on?Dec?30,?2007?
3. ?*?
4. ?*?To?change?the?template?for?this?generated?file?go?to?
5. ?*?Window>Preferences>Java>Code?Generation>Code?and?Comments?
6. ?*/??
7. package?JExcelTest.standard;??
8. ??
9. import?java.io.*;??
10. import?jxl.*;??
11. ??
12. /**?
13. ?*?@author?Ken?
14. ?*?
15. ?*?To?change?the?template?for?this?generated?type?comment?go?to?
16. ?*?Window>Preferences>Java>Code?Generation>Code?and?Comments?
17. ?*/??
18. public?class?ReadXLS?{??
19. ??
20. ????public?static?void?main(String[]?args)?{??
21. ????????try?{??
22. ????????????Workbook?book?=?Workbook.getWorkbook(new?File("d:/Test.xls"));??
23. ????????????//get?a?Sheet?object.???
24. ????????????Sheet?sheet?=?book.getSheet(0);??
25. ????????????//get?1st-Column,1st-Row?content.??
26. ????????????Cell?cell?=?sheet.getCell(0,?0);??
27. ????????????String?result?=?cell.getContents();??
28. ????????????System.out.println(result);??
29. ????????????book.close();??
30. ????????}?catch?(Exception?e)?{??
31. ????????????e.printStackTrace();??
32. ????????}??
33. ??
34. ????}??
35. }??

程序执行结果：test?

三、修改文件?
利用jExcelAPI可以修改已有的Excel文件，修改Excel文件的时候，除了打开文件的方式不同之外，其他操作和创建Excel是一样的。下面的例子是在我们已经生成的Excel文件中添加一个工作表：?
修改Excel的类，添加一个工作表?
Java代码?

1. /*??
2. ?*?Created?on?Dec?30,?2007??
3. ?*??
4. ?*?To?change?the?template?for?this?generated?file?go?to??
5. ?*?Window>Preferences>Java>Code?Generation>Code?and?Comments??
6. ?*/??
7. package?JExcelTest.standard; ??
8. ??
9. import?java.io.*; ??
10. import?jxl.*; ??
11. import?jxl.write.*; ??
12. ??
13. /**??
14. ?*?@author?Ken??
15. ?*??
16. ?*?To?change?the?template?for?this?generated?type?comment?go?to??
17. ?*?Window>Preferences>Java>Code?Generation>Code?and?Comments??
18. ?*/??
19. public?class?UpdateXLS?{ ??
20. ??
21. ????public?static?void?main(String[]?args)?{ ??
22. ????????try?{ ??
23. ????????????//get?file.???
24. ????????????Workbook?wb?=?Workbook.getWorkbook(new?File("d:/Test.xls")); ??
25. ????????????//open?a?copy?file(new?file),?then?write?content?with?same?content?with?Test.xls.?????
26. ????????????WritableWorkbook?book?= ??
27. ????????????????Workbook.createWorkbook(new?File("d:/Test.xls"),?wb); ??
28. ????????????//add?a?Sheet.???
29. ????????????WritableSheet?sheet?=?book.createSheet("Sheet_2",?1); ??
30. ????????????sheet.addCell(new?Label(0,?0,?"test2")); ??
31. ????????????book.write(); ??
32. ????????????book.close(); ??
33. ????????}?catch?(Exception?e)?{ ??
34. ????????????e.printStackTrace(); ??
35. ????????} ??
36. ????} ??
37. }??

Java代码??

1. /*?
2. ?*?Created?on?Dec?30,?2007?
3. ?*?
4. ?*?To?change?the?template?for?this?generated?file?go?to?
5. ?*?Window>Preferences>Java>Code?Generation>Code?and?Comments?
6. ?*/??
7. package?JExcelTest.standard;??
8. ??
9. import?java.io.*;??
10. import?jxl.*;??
11. import?jxl.write.*;??
12. ??
13. /**?
14. ?*?@author?Ken?
15. ?*?
16. ?*?To?change?the?template?for?this?generated?type?comment?go?to?
17. ?*?Window>Preferences>Java>Code?Generation>Code?and?Comments?
18. ?*/??
19. public?class?UpdateXLS?{??
20. ??
21. ????public?static?void?main(String[]?args)?{??
22. ????????try?{??
23. ????????????//get?file.??
24. ????????????Workbook?wb?=?Workbook.getWorkbook(new?File("d:/Test.xls"));??
25. ????????????//open?a?copy?file(new?file),?then?write?content?with?same?content?with?Test.xls.????
26. ????????????WritableWorkbook?book?=??
27. ????????????????Workbook.createWorkbook(new?File("d:/Test.xls"),?wb);??
28. ????????????//add?a?Sheet.??
29. ????????????WritableSheet?sheet?=?book.createSheet("Sheet_2",?1);??
30. ????????????sheet.addCell(new?Label(0,?0,?"test2"));??
31. ????????????book.write();??
32. ????????????book.close();??
33. ????????}?catch?(Exception?e)?{??
34. ????????????e.printStackTrace();??
35. ????????}??
36. ????}??
37. }??

高级操作?

一、 数据格式化?
在Excel中不涉及复杂的数据类型，能够比较好的处理字串、数字和日期已经能够满足一般的应用。?
字串格式化?
字符串的格式化涉及到的是字体、粗细、字号等元素，这些功能主要由WritableFont和WritableCellFormat类来负责。假设我们在生成一个含有字串的单元格时，使用如下语句，为方便叙述，我们为每一行命令加了编号：?
WritableFont font1= new WritableFont(WritableFont.TIMES,16,WritableFont.BOLD);?
或?
//设置字体格式为excel支持的格式?
WritableFont font3=new WritableFont(WritableFont.createFont("楷体_GB2312"),12,WritableFont.NO_BOLD );?
① WritableCellFormat format1=new WritableCellFormat(font1);?
② Label label=new Label(0,0,”data 4 test”,format1)?
③ 其中?
I.指定了字串格式：字体为TIMES，字号16，加粗显示。WritableFont有非常丰富的构造子，供不同情况下使用，jExcelAPI的java-doc中有详细列表，这里不再列出。?
II.处代码使用了WritableCellFormat类，这个类非常重要，通过它可以指定单元格的各种属性，后面的单元格格式化中会有更多描述。?
III.处使用了Label类的构造子，指定了字串被赋予那种格式。 在WritableCellFormat类中，还有一个很重要的方法是指定数据的对齐方式，比如针对我们上面的实例，可以指定：?
//把水平对齐方式指定为居中?
format1.setAlignment(jxl.format.Alignment.CENTRE);?
//把垂直对齐方式指定为居中?
format1.setVerticalAlignment(jxl.format.VerticalAlignment.CENTRE);?
//设置自动换行?
format1.setWrap(true);?

二、单元格操作?
Excel中很重要的一部分是对单元格的操作，比如行高、列宽、单元格合并等，所幸jExcelAPI提供了这些支持。这些操作相对比较简单，下面只介绍一下相关的API。?
1、 合并单元格?
WritableSheet.mergeCells(int m,int n,int p,int q);?
作用是从(m,n)到(p,q)的单元格全部合并，比如：?
WritableSheet sheet=book.createSheet(“第一页”,0);?
//合并第一列第一行到第六列第一行的所有单元格?
sheet.mergeCells(0,0,5,0);?
合并既可以是横向的，也可以是纵向的。合并后的单元格不能再次进行合并，否则会触发异常。?
2、 行高和列宽?
WritableSheet.setRowView(int i,int height);?
作用是指定第i+1行的高度，比如：?
//将第一行的高度设为200?
sheet.setRowView(0,200);?
WritableSheet.setColumnView(int i,int width);?
作用是指定第i+1列的宽度，比如：?
//将第一列的宽度设为30?
sheet.setColumnView(0,30);?
三、操作图片?
Java代码?

1. public?static?void?write()throws?Exception{ ??
2. ????????WritableWorkbook?wwb=Workbook.createWorkbook(new?File("c:/1.xls")); ??
3. ????????WritableSheet?ws=wwb.createSheet("Test?Sheet?1",0); ??
4. ????????File?file=new?File("C:\\jbproject\\PVS\\WebRoot\\weekhit\\1109496996281.png"); ??
5. ????????WritableImage?image=new?WritableImage(1,?4,?6,?18,file); ??
6. ????????ws.addImage(image); ??
7. ????????wwb.write(); ??
8. ????????wwb.close(); ??
9. ????}??

Java代码??

1. public?static?void?write()throws?Exception{??
2. ????????WritableWorkbook?wwb=Workbook.createWorkbook(new?File("c:/1.xls"));??
3. ????????WritableSheet?ws=wwb.createSheet("Test?Sheet?1",0);??
4. ????????File?file=new?File("C:\\jbproject\\PVS\\WebRoot\\weekhit\\1109496996281.png");??
5. ????????WritableImage?image=new?WritableImage(1,?4,?6,?18,file);??
6. ????????ws.addImage(image);??
7. ????????wwb.write();??
8. ????????wwb.close();??
9. ????}??

很简单和插入单元格的方式一样，不过就是参数多了些，WritableImage这个类继承了Draw，上面只是他构造方法的一种，最后一个参数不用了说了，前面四个参数的类型都是double，依次是 x, y, width, height,注意，这里的宽和高可不是图片的宽和高，而是图片所要占的单位格的个数，因为继承的Draw所以他的类型必须是double，具体里面怎么实现的我还没细看：）因为着急赶活，先完成功能，其他的以后有时间慢慢研究。以后会继续写出在使用中的心得给大家。?

读:?
读的时候是这样的一个思路,先用一个输入流(InputStream)得到Excel文件,然后用jxl中的Workbook得到工作薄,用Sheet从工作薄中得到工作表,用Cell得到工作表中得某个单元格.?
InputStream->Workbook->Sheet->Cell,就得到了excel文件中的单元格?
Java代码?

1. String?path="c:\\excel.xls";//Excel文件URL???
2. InputStream?is?=?new?FileInputStream(path);//写入到FileInputStream???
3. jxl.Workbook?wb?=?Workbook.getWorkbook(is);?//得到工作薄????
4. jxl.Sheet?st?=?wb.getSheet(0);//得到工作薄中的第一个工作表???
5. Cell?cell=st.getCell(0,0);//得到工作表的第一个单元格,即A1???
6. String?content=cell.getContents();//getContents()将Cell中的字符转为字符串???
7. wb.close();//关闭工作薄???
8. is.close();//关闭输入流??

Java代码??

1. String?path="c:\\excel.xls";//Excel文件URL??
2. InputStream?is?=?new?FileInputStream(path);//写入到FileInputStream??
3. jxl.Workbook?wb?=?Workbook.getWorkbook(is);?//得到工作薄???
4. jxl.Sheet?st?=?wb.getSheet(0);//得到工作薄中的第一个工作表??
5. Cell?cell=st.getCell(0,0);//得到工作表的第一个单元格,即A1??
6. String?content=cell.getContents();//getContents()将Cell中的字符转为字符串??
7. wb.close();//关闭工作薄??
8. is.close();//关闭输入流??

我们可以通过Sheet的getCell(x,y)方法得到任意一个单元格,x,y和excel中的坐标对应.?
例如A1对应(0,0),A2对应(0,1),D3对应(3,2).Excel中坐标从A,1开始,jxl中全部是从0开始.?
还可以通过Sheet的getRows(),getColumns()方法得到行数列数,并用于循环控制,输出一个sheet中的所有内容.?

写:?
往Excel中写入内容主要是用jxl.write包中的类.?
思路是这样的:?
OutputStream<-WritableWorkbook<-WritableSheet<-Label?
这里面Label代表的是写入Sheet的Cell位置及内容.?
Java代码?

1. OutputStream?os=new?FileOutputStream("c:\\test.xls");//输出的Excel文件URL???
2. WritableWorkbook?wwb?=?Workbook.createWorkbook(os);//创建可写工作薄???
3. WritableSheet?ws?=?wwb.createSheet("sheet1",?0);//创建可写工作表???
4. Label?labelCF=new?Label(0,?0,?"hello");//创建写入位置和内容???
5. ws.addCell(labelCF);//将Label写入sheet中???
6. Label的构造函数Label(int?x,?int?y,String?aString)xy意同读的时候的xy,aString是写入的内容. ??
7. WritableFont?wf?=?new?WritableFont(WritableFont.TIMES,?12,?WritableFont.BOLD,?false);//设置写入字体???
8. WritableCellFormat?wcfF?=?new?WritableCellFormat(wf);//设置CellFormat???
9. Label?labelCF=new?Label(0,?0,?"hello");//创建写入位置,内容和格式???
10. Label的另一构造函数Label(int?c,?int?r,?String?cont,?CellFormat?st)可以对写入内容进行格式化,设置字体及其它的属性. ??
11. 现在可以写了 ??
12. wwb.write(); ??
13. 写完后关闭 ??
14. wwb.close(); ??
15. 输出流也关闭吧 ??
16. os.close;??

Java代码??

1. OutputStream?os=new?FileOutputStream("c:\\test.xls");//输出的Excel文件URL??
2. WritableWorkbook?wwb?=?Workbook.createWorkbook(os);//创建可写工作薄??
3. WritableSheet?ws?=?wwb.createSheet("sheet1",?0);//创建可写工作表??
4. Label?labelCF=new?Label(0,?0,?"hello");//创建写入位置和内容??
5. ws.addCell(labelCF);//将Label写入sheet中??
6. Label的构造函数Label(int?x,?int?y,String?aString)xy意同读的时候的xy,aString是写入的内容.??
7. WritableFont?wf?=?new?WritableFont(WritableFont.TIMES,?12,?WritableFont.BOLD,?false);//设置写入字体??
8. WritableCellFormat?wcfF?=?new?WritableCellFormat(wf);//设置CellFormat??
9. Label?labelCF=new?Label(0,?0,?"hello");//创建写入位置,内容和格式??
10. Label的另一构造函数Label(int?c,?int?r,?String?cont,?CellFormat?st)可以对写入内容进行格式化,设置字体及其它的属性.??
11. 现在可以写了??
12. wwb.write();??
13. 写完后关闭??
14. wwb.close();??
15. 输出流也关闭吧??
16. os.close;??

OK,只要把读和写结合起来,就可以在N个Excel中读取数据写入你希望的Excel新表中,还是比较方便的.?

下面是程序一例:?
Java代码?

1. sql?=?"select?*?from?tablename"; ??
2. rs?=?stmt.executeQuery(sql); ??
3. ??
4. //新建Excel文件???
5. String?filePath=request.getRealPath("aaa.xls"); ??
6. File?myFilePath=new?File(filePath); ??
7. if(!myFilePath.exists()) ??
8. myFilePath.createNewFile(); ??
9. FileWriter?resultFile=new?FileWriter(myFilePath); ??
10. PrintWriter?myFile=new?PrintWriter(resultFile); ??
11. resultFile.close(); ??
12. ??
13. ????????//用JXL向新建的文件中添加内容???
14. ????OutputStream?outf?=?new?FileOutputStream(filePath); ??
15. ????????jxl.write.WritableWorkbook?wwb?=?Workbook.createWorkbook(outf); ??
16. ????????jxl.write.WritableSheet?ws?=?wwb.createSheet("sheettest",?0); ??
17. ??
18. int?i=0; ??
19. ????????int?j=0; ??
20. ??
21. for?(int?k?=?0;?k?<?rs.getMetaData().getColumnCount();?k++)?{ ??
22. ????ws.addCell(new?Label(k,0,rs.getMetaData().getColumnName(k+1))); ??
23. } ??
24. ??
25. while(rs.next()){ ??
26. ????out.println(rs.getMetaData().getColumnCount()); ??
27. ??
28. for?(int?k?=?0;?k?<?rs.getMetaData().getColumnCount();?k++)?{ ??
29. ws.addCell(new?Label(k,j+i+1,rs.getString(k+1))); ??
30. ????}?? ??
31. ??
32. ?i++; ??
33. } ??
34. wwb.write(); ??
35. ????wwb.close(); ??
36. }catch(Exception?e){e.printStackTrace();} ??
37. finally{ ??
38. ??
39. rs.close(); ??
40. conn.close(); ??
41. } ??
42. ??
43. response.sendRedirect("aaa.xls"); ??