?原帖地址:http://java.ociweb.com/mark/clojure/article.html#Testing
?作者:R. Mark Volkmann
?译者:RoySong
?
??? Clojure基本的自动化测试框架就在Clojure核心代码的测试库中。下面的代码展示了它的主要功能:
(use 'clojure.test) ; Tests can be written in separate functions. (deftest add-test ; The "is" macro takes a predicate, arguments to it, ; and an optional message. (is (= 4 (+ 2 2))) (is (= 2 (+ 2 0)) "adding zero doesn't change value")) (deftest reverse-test (is (= [3 2 1] (reverse [1 2 3])))) ; Tests can verify that a specific exception is thrown. (deftest division-test (is (thrown? ArithmeticException (/ 3.0 0)))) ; The with-test macro can be used to add tests ; to the functions they test as metadata. (with-test (defn my-add [n1 n2] (+ n1 n2)) (is (= 4 (my-add 2 2))) (is (= 2 (my-add 2 0)) "adding zero doesn't change value")) ; The "are" macro takes a predicate template and ; multiple sets of arguments to it, but no message. ; Each set of arguments are substituted one at a time ; into the predicate template and evaluated. (deftest multiplication (are [n1 n2 result] (= (* n1 n2) result) ; a template 1 1 1, 1 2 2, 2 3 6)) ; Run all the tests in the current namespace. ; This includes tests that were added as function metadata using with-test. ; Other namespaces can be specified as quoted arguments. (run-tests)?
??? 为了限制当一个测试抛出异常时输出堆栈的深度,绑定特殊符号*stack-trace-depth*一个深度值。
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??? 在为了产品使用,采用AOT编译Clojure源码为字节码时,绑定*load-tests*符号为false来避免测试代码被编译成
字节码。
?
??? 当不出与自动化测试这一层时,Clojure提供了assert宏。它接收一个表达式并对其求值,如果求值的结果是false,
则抛出一个异常。这对于捕获绝对不应该发生的情况非常有用。例子如下:
(assert (>= dow 7000))?
??? 测试库的另一个重要特性是装置(fixtures),装置是环绕着测试方法的代码。装置有两类,一类是环绕每个测试方法
的执行,而另一类是环绕所有测试方法的执行。
?
??? 为了创建一个装置,编写一个函数采用以下模式:
(defn fixture-name [test-function] ; Perform setup here. (test-function) ; Perform teardown here. )?
??? 这样针对每个测试函数都会调用一次装置函数,test-function参数的值将是当前执行的函数。
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??? 注册装置来环绕每个测试方法:
(use-fixtures :each fixture-1 fixture-2 ...)?
??? 执行的顺序将是:
??? 注册装置来环绕整体测试运行:
(use-fixtures :once fixture-1 fixture-2 ...)?
??? 执行的顺序将是:
??? Clojure在test子目录下装有自身的测试套件,切换到包含有
Clojure src和
test的目录下,然后键入
"ant test
"
就可以运行它们。