一、简介
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在分布式系统中,由于服务数量巨多,为了方便服务配置文件统一管理,实时更新,所以需要分布式配置中心组件。在Spring Cloud中,有分布式配置中心组件spring cloud config ,它支持配置服务放在配置服务的内存中(即本地),也支持放在远程Git仓库中。了解springcloud架构可以加求求:三五三六二四七二五九,在spring cloud config 组件中,分两个角色,一是config server,二是config client。
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二、构建Config Server
父maven工程省略,父pom文件:
class="xml" name="code"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.forezp</groupId> <artifactId>sc-f-chapter6</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>pom</packaging> <modules> <module>config-server</module> <module>config-client</module> </modules> <name>sc-f-chapter6</name> <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.0.3.RELEASE</version> <relativePath/> </parent> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding> <java.version>1.8</java.version> <spring-cloud.version>Finchley.RELEASE</spring-cloud.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <dependencyManagement> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId> <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version> <type>pom</type> <scope>import</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> </dependencyManagement> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
?创建一个spring-boot项目,取名为config-server,其pom.xml如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.forezp</groupId> <artifactId>config-server</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>jar</packaging> <name>config-server</name> <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> <parent> <groupId>com.forezp</groupId> <artifactId>sc-f-chapter6</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-config-server</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
?在程序的入口Application类加上@EnableConfigServer注解开启配置服务器的功能,代码如下:
@SpringBootApplication @EnableConfigServer public class ConfigServerApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(ConfigServerApplication.class, args); } }
?需要在程序的配置文件application.properties文件配置以下:
spring.application.name=config-server server.port=8888 spring.cloud.config.server.git.uri=https://github.com/forezp/SpringcloudConfig/ spring.cloud.config.server.git.searchPaths=respo spring.cloud.config.label=master spring.cloud.config.server.git.username= spring.cloud.config.server.git.password=
?spring.cloud.config.server.git.uri:配置git仓库地址
spring.cloud.config.server.git.searchPaths:配置仓库路径
spring.cloud.config.label:配置仓库的分支
spring.cloud.config.server.git.username:访问git仓库的用户名
spring.cloud.config.server.git.password:访问git仓库的用户密码
如果Git仓库为公开仓库,可以不填写用户名和密码,如果是私有仓库需要填写,本例子是公开仓库,放心使用。
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远程仓库https://github.com/forezp/SpringcloudConfig/ 中有个文件config-client-dev.properties文件中有一个属性:
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foo = foo version 3
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启动程序:访问http://localhost:8888/foo/dev
{"name":"foo","profiles":["dev"],"label":"master", "version":"792ffc77c03f4b138d28e89b576900ac5e01a44b","state":null,"propertySources":[]}
?证明配置服务中心可以从远程程序获取配置信息。
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http请求地址和资源文件映射如下:
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/{application}/{profile}[/{label}]
/{application}-{profile}.yml
/{label}/{application}-{profile}.yml
/{application}-{profile}.properties
/{label}/{application}-{profile}.properties
三、构建一个config client
重新创建一个springboot项目,取名为config-client,其pom文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.forezp</groupId> <artifactId>config-client</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>jar</packaging> <name>config-client</name> <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> <parent> <groupId>com.forezp</groupId> <artifactId>sc-f-chapter6</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
?其配置文件bootstrap.properties:
spring.application.name=config-client spring.cloud.config.label=master spring.cloud.config.profile=dev spring.cloud.config.uri= http://localhost:8888/ server.port=8881
?spring.cloud.config.label 指明远程仓库的分支
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spring.cloud.config.profile
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dev开发环境配置文件
test测试环境
pro正式环境
spring.cloud.config.uri= http://localhost:8888/ 指明配置服务中心的网址。
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程序的入口类,写一个API接口“/hi”,返回从配置中心读取的foo变量的值,代码如下:
@SpringBootApplication @RestController public class ConfigClientApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(ConfigClientApplication.class, args); } @Value("${foo}") String foo; @RequestMapping(value = "/hi") public String hi(){ return foo; } }
?打开网址访问:http://localhost:8881/hi,网页显示:
foo version 3
这就说明,config-client从config-server获取了foo的属性,而config-server是从git仓库读取的,如图: