自动装箱拆箱发生在基本类型和其包装型互操作的时候。
以前一直不知的拆箱和装箱是valueOf和xxValue的别名。是语法糖的一种
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public static void main(String[] args) { Integer i = 10; Integer j = 10; System.out.println(j == i); //(1) true i = 10000; j = 10000; System.out.println(j == i); //(2) false i = new Integer(10000); System.out.println(i == 10000); //(3) true System.out.println(10000 == i); //(4) true System.out.println(i == 10000L);//(5) true }
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(1)处的结果是 true。
(2)处的结果是false。
(3)处的结果是true,true,true
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(1),(2)处的结果不同让人惊讶。i = 10;和i=10000;发生了自动装箱,编译器自动编译成 Integer.valueOf(10)和Integer.valueOf(10000)。看看这个方法的实现。
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public static Integer valueOf(int i) { if(i >= -128 && i <= IntegerCache.high) return IntegerCache.cache[i + 128]; else return new Integer(i); }
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看到某些Integer对象是有缓存的,范围是-128,到high。
再看看IntegerCachestatic final int high;
static final Integer cache[]; static { final int low = -128; // high value may be configured by property int h = 127; if (integerCacheHighPropValue != null) { // Use Long.decode here to avoid invoking methods that // require Integer's autoboxing cache to be initialized int i = Long.decode(integerCacheHighPropValue).intValue(); i = Math.max(i, 127); // Maximum array size is Integer.MAX_VALUE h = Math.min(i, Integer.MAX_VALUE - -low); } high = h; cache = new Integer[(high - low) + 1]; int j = low; for(int k = 0; k < cache.length; k++) cache[k] = new Integer(j++); }
? ? high默认是127,可以通过integerCacheHighPropValue
调整,看看这个属性的说明
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/** * Cache to support the object identity semantics of autoboxing for values between * -128 and 127 (inclusive) as required by JLS. * * The cache is initialized on first usage. During VM initialization the * getAndRemoveCacheProperties method may be used to get and remove any system * properites that configure the cache size. At this time, the size of the * cache may be controlled by the vm option -XX:AutoBoxCacheMax=<size>. */ // value of java.lang.Integer.IntegerCache.high property (obtained during VM init) private static String integerCacheHighPropValue;
?可以通过该参数调整缓存的范围? -XX:AutoBoxCacheMax=<size>
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3,4,5处发生拆箱,编译之后其实调用了intValue,或者longValue。获得的是基本类型。
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总结: 两个包装类型的值比较,最好不要用 ==
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